The definition of intelligence, according to science

Scientists have long been hard at work trying to evaluate the differences in abilities among humans for thousands of years now. In 1885, Francis Galton devised the first recognized systematic attempt to measure intelligence, according to neuroengineer Dr. Curtis Cripe. But how does science really define intelligence?

Intelligence involves the ability to solve problems, act purposefully, and adapt to new and complex situations. It is also typically defined as the ability that’s measured by intelligence tests, plain and simple. In 1905, French scientists Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon were tapped by the government to create a test that defines intelligence – from here the IQ tests came to life and largely defined intelligence based on the capacity to judge, comprehend, and reason well.

In 1938, Louis Thurstone examined the performance of students on a series of 56 tests, coming up with seven factors that underlie intelligence. These are verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, number, spatial visualization, memory, reasoning, and perceptual speed. Fast forward to many years later, Howard Gardner theorized the existence of multiple intelligences based on a neuropsychological analysis of human ability and brain function.

Today, disagreements on the definition of intelligence still exist. Yet there has been a movement to incorporate a variety of skills and talents in the intelligence basket, which encourages excellence in non-academic areas and an appreciation of diversity, said Dr. Curtis Cripe.

Dr. Curtis Cripe is a multidisciplinary neuroengineer and aerospace engineer whose diverse background includes software development, bioengineering, addiction recovery, psychophysiology, psychology, brain injury, and child neurodevelopment. He is the founder of the Crossroads Institute, which specialized in telemedicine brain training delivery systems. For similar reads, visit this page.