Literary HELL
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1. What is the succession of periods in the history of English literature? RENAISSANCE – ROMANTICISM – VICTORIAN AGE - MODERNISM
2. What is the first known literary work in an English dialect? BEOWULF
3. What is the genre of Beowulf? EPIC POEM
4. When was Beowulf composed and when was it written down? 7th-8th century and the early 11th century
5. Where did the action in Beowulf take place? BEOWULF TAKES PLACE IN 6TH CENTURY IN THE LAND OF THE DANES (DENMARK) AND THE LAND OF THE GEATS (SWEDEN)
6. What monsters did Beowulf kill? GRENDEL, GRENDEL’S MOTHER, THE DRAGON
7. What is alliteration? ALLITERATION is a stylistic literary device identified by the repeated sound of the first consonant in a series of multiple words, or the repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables of a phrase.
8. Why is Bede an important cultural and literary figure in England? He is well-known for his considerable writings, the most important of which, “Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum”, has gained him the title "The Father of English History." In addition to being a historian, Bede is also one of the earliest writers of any genre to have emerged out of medieval England. He is the first writer to rigorously cite his sources, rarely making an assertion without having a substantial body of documentation to support his argument. In addition to this, Bede is also known to literature for the composition of a brief poem, known to scholars as "Bede's Death Song" that, despite its brevity, is one of the most important poems for scholars of Old English because it is one of the earliest preserved works written in the language.
9. Who started Anglo-Saxon Chronicle? It was originally compiled on the orders of King Alfred the Great in approximately A.D. 890
10. Who wrote Piers the Ploughman? William Langland
11. What is a romance? the expressive and pleasurable feeling from an emotional attraction towards another person associated with love
12. What is an elegy? is a mournful, melancholic or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead.
13. What is a fable? is a short story to teach a lesson, often with animals behaving as humans, or a story that is a lie.
14. What is a fabliau? is a short, humorous and typically bawdy poem
15. What historical period does Geoffrey Chaucer belong to? Medieval
16. What is/are the unofficial literary title(s) of Geoffrey Chaucer? the Father of English literature
17. What is Chaucer’s first known work? Book of the Duchess
18. What social event were the storytellers of The Canterbury Tales involved in? travel from Southwark to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral
19. What literary genres did Chaucer use for different tales? frame narrative or frame tale - Romance, fable, fabliaux,
20. How did the genres of the tales correlate with the social statuses of the storytellers? a knight – romance, a miller – fabliau
21. How many tales did Chaucer intend to write for The Canterbury Tales and how many did he actually write? 120 - 24
22. Who is the author of the most successful publication of a collection of stories about King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table? Thomas Mellory Morte d’Arthur
23. What are the types of the medieval English drama? liturgical drama, mystery plays, morality plays, farces, miracles
24. What period does Thomas More belong to? Early Renaissance
25. What language was Utopia written in? Latin
26. What does the word ‘utopia’ mean? no-place-land".A utopia is a community or society possessing highly desirable or near perfect qualities
27. What is the genre of Utopia? Fantasy, Philosophical literature, Dystopian literature.
28. What does the name ‘Hythloday’ mean in English? “expert in nonsense”
29. When did English Renaissance begin? 1485
30. Who introduced the sonnet to the English literature? Thomas Wyatt
31. What is the key to the sonnet? 14 lines, rhyme scheme, iambic parameter.
32. What poet is called ‘the poets’ poet’? Edmund Spenser
33. Who were actors equaled in rights to by the Queen Elizabeth’s Decree of `1572? vagabonds, vagrants
34. What was the name of the first regular English playhouse? The Great Theatre
35. The picaresque novel is a genre of prose fiction which depicts the adventures of a roguish hero of low social class who lives by his wits in a corrupt society. Picaresque novels typically adopt a realistic style, with elements of comedy and satire.
37. What type of plays was Marlowe famous for? tragedies
38. What is the name of the man who sought the power of ultimate knowledge in one of Marlowe’s plays? Doctor Faustus
39. What dramatic subgenre do Shakespeare’s most successful plays belong to? tragedies
39. How did playwrights understand the term ‘tragicomedy’ in Shakespeare’s time? - From the time period between Shakespeare and the 19th century, it meant serious plays with lightened up moods (Tragicomedy)
40. Who are the three main characters of Shakespeare’s sonnets? - Fair Lord, Rival Poet, Dark Lady
42 What is the ‘theory of humours’ by Ben Jonson? The term ‘humour’ as used by Ben Jonson, is based on an ancient physiological theory of four fluids found in human body. According to this theory there are four fluids in human body which determine a man’s temperament and mental state. These four humours are: blood,phlegm, choler (yellow bile), and melancholy (black bile).
43. What historical period did John Milton belong to? - Restoration period.
44. What is the genre of Milton’s Paradise Lost? - epic poem.
45. What Eve’s character quality did Satan make use of when tempting her to try the Forbidden Fruit? - She falls in love with her own image when she sees her reflection in a body of water. Ironically, her greatest asset produces her most serious weakness, VANITY. After Satan compliments her on her beauty and godliness, he easily persuades her to eat from the Tree of Knowledge.
46. What part of the Bible served as the foundation for Paradise Lost?- Old Testament, Book of Genesis.
47. What literary trend did Alexander Pope belong to?- Enlightenment, Augustans: 18th-century literary movement based chiefly on classical ideals, satire and skepticism.
48. What is the Enlightenment called the Age of?- Reason.
49. What was the predominant genre of the Enlightenment? – novel or essay – don’t know.
50. Daniel Defo
51. What is the genre of Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels? Philosophic novel
52. What was Swift’s main purpose for writing Gulliver’s Travels? Swift's main purpose in Gulliver's Travels was to illustrate how the English government and society needed a reformation. Swift comically describes a world of political and social stupidity in a way that satirizes the English world that Swift himself lived in.
53. What is the name of humanlike creatures from Gulliver’s last voyage that embody all human vices? Yahoos
54. What is the main feature of the Enlightenment domestic novel? the sentimental style
55. What was romanticism as a trend opposed to? enlightment
56. What authors made up a group known as the Lake Poets? William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Robert Southey
57. Which Byron’s work can be regarded as his poetic diary about his travels around Europe? Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
58. What stereotype did Byron shatter with his Don Juan? the greatest lover
59. What was Mary Shelley’s reason for writing her Frankenstein? Mary, Percy, Lord Byron, and John Polidori decided to have a competition to see who could write the best horror story.
60. For what pamphlet was Percy Shelley expelled from university? The Necessity of Atheism.
61. What literary genre did Walter Scott originate? A historical novel (romance)
62. What was Scott’s first novel? Waverley
63. Which trend did Charles Dickens belong to? realism
64. What Dickens’ novel triggered a school reform in England? Nicholas Nickleby, Dombey and Son, and especially Bleak House
65. What novel by W. M. Thackeray is called ‘a novel without a hero’ and why? "Vanity Fair" The subtitle, A Novel without a Hero, is apt because the characters are all flawed to a greater or lesser degree
66. What literary trend were Bronte sisters the representatives of? Romanticism
67. What problems is George Eliot mainly preoccupied with in her novels? Grim vision of future and religious issues
68. What artistic group coined the term ‘Art for art’s sake’? British Aesthetic Movement
69. What was Samuel Butler’s favourite genre? The theatre of Absurd
70. With the exception of novels, what other works was Thomas hardy popular for? Poetry (Wessex Poems and Other Verses, Poems of the Past and Present )
71. What literary trend did R. L. Stevenson, J. Conrad and A. C. Doyle belong to? -
72. What famous English aestheticist supported the famous motto ‘Art for art’s sake’? Oscar Wilde
73. What author received the first English Nobel prize in literature for his ‘courage of style’? Kipling
74. What philosophical trends became the foundation for modernism? maybe humanism
75. What Irish author is the Father of English modernism? James Joyce
75. What Irish author is the Father of English modernism? - James Joyce
76. What stylistic device was used by J. Joyce to render the mental processes of his heroes in Ulysses?
- His characteristic mental process is a right-minded method of enquiry, proceeding by comparison among familiar objects;
77. What kind of man did Joyce want to represent with his Leopold Bloom in Ulysses?
The new ‘womanly’ man, as represented by Leopold Bloom in Ulysses
78. What term did Joyce use for the moment when a person realizes the sense of his life?
Epiphany (feeling)
79.What, in D. H. Lawrence’s opinion, is wiser than our intellect?
"My great religion is a belief in the blood, the flesh, as being wiser than the intellect.
80. 1What was D. H. Lawrence opposed to, just like romantics before him?
According to him, people reacted against rationalism because they were bored
(What happened to change this state of affairs? Defenders of romanticism would like to say that human nature cannot be long confined to excessive orderliness and must break free from such constraints sooner or later. Russell gives a rather unconvincing reason for it. According to him, people reacted against rationalism because they were bored: By the time of Rousseau, many people had grown tired of safety, and had begun to desire excitement. The French Revolution and Napoleon gave them their fill of it. When, in 1815, the political world returned to tranquility, it was a tranquility so dead, so rigid, so hostile to all vigorous life, that only terrified conservatives could endure it.)
81. What were the it was banned because it had explicit sex scenes too racy for the time?
іt was banned because it had explicit sex scenes too racy for the time
82. What is the genre of A. Huxley’s Brave New World?
genre – fiction
(new genre of literature that fuses science fiction, political allegory, and literary ambition)