Harvey Hollister Bundy Sr. (born 1888)

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Paradigm Shift: The WBC Committee and the Feasibility of Bioweapons

In the summer of 1941 concern in the Army CWS and Surgeon General’s office (SGO) about evidence of enemy preparations to use BW led to requests for action. On July 15, 1941, the Army Surgeon General asked the Division of Medical Sciences, NRC, to form a special committee of civilian scientists to survey all phases of the BW problem and provide advice. It was the Surgeon General’s opinion that “since the primary function of the Medical Department is to preserve life rather than to destroy it, its efforts should be directed solely toward prevention and cure.”45 This opinion was not shared by the CWS.

CWS Progress Report No. 54 (August 15, 1941) recommended that either CWS pursue both offensive and defensive research, or that it confine itself to offensive research and assign defensive work to the Medical Corps. That month a new, secret research project was submitted to the National Defense Research

Committee (NDRC) by the Army: “CWS-20: Study of Bacteriological Warfare Methods and Means.”

The problem therefore, is to work out by actual tests after thorough study of the literature means and methods for the most effective use of bacteria, toxins and insects as a means of waging a war against an enemy country with a view of later working out adequate defense measures in our own country against such means and methods.46

To resolve the issue, Harvey Bundy, Special Assistant to Secretary of War Henry Stimson convened a conference on biological warfare on August 20, 1941. The division of offensive/defensive responsibility recommended by CWS was basically endorsed, but a single civilian committee of experts was appointed to look at the whole issue of biological warfare.47 Oversight of the research remained more in the hands of the civilian committee and CWS: the Surgeon General did not receive formal authority to oversee defensive research until 1944.

At the time, knowledge in the US about the potential BW threat was extremely limited. There were reports indicating German interest in the toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, the existence of Japanese bacteriological warfare battalions, and Japanese use of plague in China and interest in the yellow fever virus. To protect against the latter, the Medical Corps asked the Rockefeller Institute to keep a supply of yellow fever vaccine for US troops serving in tropical regions. There was agreement “that despite exceedingly scanty information and previously held belief

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Harvey Hollister Bundy

Born

March 30, 1888

Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.

Died

October 7, 1963 (aged 75)

Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.

Education

Yale University (BA)

Harvard University (LLB)

Occupation

Attorney

Spouse(s)

Katherine Lawrence Putnam

Harvey Hollister Bundy Sr. (March 30, 1888 – October 7, 1963) was an American attorney who served as a special assistant to the Secretary of War during World War II. He was the father of William Bundy and McGeorge Bundy, who both served at high levels as government advisors.

Early life and education[edit]

Harvey Hollister Bundy was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the son of McGeorge, a lawyer, and Mary Goodhue (Hollister) Bundy;[1] he was grandson to Solomon Bundy, a lawyer and New York Congressman.[2] Bundy attended Yale University and was initiated in the Skull and Bones in 1909.[3]:183[4] He went on to earn his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1914.[5] That same year, he began working as a law clerk for Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes.

Career[edit]

Bundy became a prominent attorney in Boston at his father-in-law's law firm, Putnam, Putnam & Bell.[6]

Bundy and his wife Katherine met Colonel Henry L. Stimson, and the three became friends. Their sons grew up knowing Stimson as a family friend and colleague of their father. Working under President Herbert Hoover, Stimson appointed Bundy as Assistant Secretary of State in July 1931 until March 1933.[7] Bundy also served as special legal assistant to the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.

During World War II he served again under Stimson, then Secretary of War under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, as his Special Assistant on Atomic Matters beginning in 1941.[8] He served as liaison between Stimson and the director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Vannevar Bush.[9] Bundy also helped implement the Marshall Plan after the war. After the war, his son McGeorge Bundy worked with Stimson to co-author his autobiography, On Active Service in Peace and War (1947).

After the war, he became president of the board of trustees of the World Peace Foundation.[10]

In 1952, he succeeded John Foster Dulles as chairman of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, serving until 1958. (Note: son William Bundy became embroiled in a 1953 scandal, when Senator Joseph McCarthy cited his earlier $400 contribution to Alger Hiss's defense fund in the Hiss-Chambers case. Bundy explained that Donald Hiss, Alger's brother, worked with him at Covington & Burling. Allen Dulles and Vice President Richard M. Nixon defended him, and the matter dropped. Previously, Hiss had served as president at Carnegie in 1946–1949.)

Personal life[edit]

In 1917, Bundy married Katherine Lawrence Putnam, daughter of William Lowell Putnam and niece to Harvard president Abbott Lawrence Lowell. They had three sons, Harvey Bundy Jr., William Bundy and McGeorge Bundy.

At the age of 75, Harvey Hollister Bundy Sr died on Monday, October 7, 1963 at his home in the City of Boston, Massachusetts.[5]

References[edit]