• Nationality American

• Alma mater North Carolina State University

• Scientific career Fields : Epidemiology

• Institutions : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

• Thesis : Inhibitors of host transcription block Sindbis virus replication (1982)

• Doctoral advisor : Robert E. Johnston

Ralph Steven Baric (born 1954) is William R. Kenan Jr. Distinguished Professor in the Department of Epidemiology, and Professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Baric's work involves coronaviruses.^[1] Baric has warned of emerging coronaviruses presenting as a significant threat to global health, due to zoonosis.^[2]

Career

Baric has published multiple articles and book chapters on the epidemiology and genetics of various viruses, including norovirus,^[3][4][5] and coronaviruses,^[6][7] as well as potential treatments for viral diseases.^[8][9]

In 2015, with Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology, he published an article titled "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence," which describes their work in generating and characterizing "a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone."^[10]

In 2020, Baric contributed to establishing the official nomenclature and taxonomic classification of SARS-CoV-2.^[11]

Area of Interest

Zoonotic viruses represent a potentially rich source of new emerging pathogens in humans, yet little information is available concerning the molecular, genetic and evolutionary mechanisms that regulate the establishment and dissemination of such a virus within a newly adopted host. Baric’s group is utilizing molecular, genetic and biochemical approaches to decipher the complex interactions between the virion and cell surface molecules that function in the entry and cross species transmission of positive strand RNA viruses. Using a highly species specific strain of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a model system has been developed to study virus cross species transmission under conditions that may be present in human xenograph recipients. Due to the lack of suitable organ donors, xenotransplantation will likely become the treatment of choice for end-stage organ failure in humans. Considerable debate exists as to whether this medical practice will result in new pathways for zoonotic virus adaptation to the human host. Baric’s group has demonstrated that xenotropic host range variants (MHV-H2) of MHV rapidly evolve in their experimental model suggesting that xenograph recipients may represent an optimum environment for virus cross species transmission. Viruses appear to bridge the species barrier by punctuated evolution and positive Darwinian natural selection at the molecular level resulting in virus recognition of phylogenetic homologues of the normal receptor for docking and entry into human cells.

Research projects currently study the evolutionary mechanisms that occur in viruses when subjected to changing environmental conditions. Baric’s team is also identifying the sites of virus-receptor interaction that regulate MHV-H2 entry into human cell lines and the mutations in the virus which expand host range specificity. Projects are also available to study virus cross species transmission in vivo in a small animal model for xenotransplantation.

Awards and Honors

• Triangle Business Journal’s Health Care Heroes Lifetime Achievement Award, 2021

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION:

A. Business Address: Home Address:

• Department of Epidemiology 2600 Northstream Ct
• School of Public Health Haw River, NC 27258
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 336-578-1575
• McGaveran-Greenberg Hall, CB# 7435
• Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7435
• Phone: [----]

B. Personal Data

• Born: April 3, 1954 Married: Antoinette Baric
• US Citizen Children: Cristina, Michelle, Michael, Thomas

II. EDUCATION:

1. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, B.S., Zoology, 1977
2. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, Ph.D., Microbiology, 1983
3. University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Neurology, Post-doctoral Fellow, 1982-1986

III. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:

1. Assistant Professor, Department of Parasitology and Laboratory Practice, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, March 1986-June 1990
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, July 1990-June 1993.
3. Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, July 1993-2001.
4. Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, July 1993-2001
5. Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, July 2001-current

IV. HONORS AND AWARDS:

1. Full Athletic Scholarship, Swimming, North Carolina State University, 1972-1976
2. Atlantic Coast Conference Champion and record holder: 500 yard Freestyle, 1000 yard Freestyle, 1650 yard Freestyle, 400 yard Individual Medley, 800 yard Freestyle Relay
3. Teaching Assistantship, North Carolina State University, 1977-1978
4. Agricultural Foundation Pre-doctoral Research Assistantship, 1978-1981
5. Teaching Assistantship, North Carolina State University, 1981-1982
6. NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship, Neurology Training Grant, 1982-1984
7. Harvey Weaver Scholar, National Multiple Sclerosis Society Fellowship, 1984-86
8. Outstanding Young Man of America, 1987
9. Established Investigator, American Heart Association, 1989-1994
10. Delta Omega Honor Society, 1990
11. WHO Working Group: SARS-CoV 2003
12. Nominated World Technology Award Finalist-2004;
13. World Technology Award Finalist and Member, 2004
14. Permanent Member, Virology B Study Section; Oct 2005-2009.
15. Editorial Board, Journal of Virology, 2004-2006, 2007-2011
16. Editorial Board, Plos Pathogen, 2007-
17. Senior Editor-Plos Pathogens 2008-.
18. Member-Biological Sciences Expert Group (BSEG)-2009-
19. Internal Advisory Board, Pacific Northwest Regional Center for Excellence, 2009-present.
20. National Academy of Sciences: Working Group: Gene Sequence Methods for Classification of Select Agents
21. Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology, 2010
22. Innovation/Inspiration Award for Faculty Research, UNC Gillings School of Public Health, 2011.
23. WHO Working Group: Virus-like Particle Vaccines, June 2011.
24. WHO Working Group: Flu Vaccine selection, April 2013.
25. National Academy of Sciences, Committee on Risks and Benefits of Gain of Function Research. Committee Member, 2014.
26. MERS-CoV Stakeholders Workshop April 2015

V. SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES:

1. American Society for Microbiology
2. American Society for Virology

VI. UNIVERSITY AFFILIATIONS:

1. Lineberger Cancer Center
2. Biotechnology Center
3. Curriculum in Genetics
4. Center for Infectious Diseases

VII. CONRACTS AND GRANTS

A. Current Funding

1. U19 AI100625 (Baric, Heise MPI) 08/05/2012-7/31/2017
   1. 1. NIH/NIAID Total Direct Cost $14,543071
      2. Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross
      3. The Collaborative Cross, a mouse resource designed to study complex genetic interactions in diverse populations, to identify novel polymorphic genes regulating immune responses to SARS, influenza and West Nile viruses, gain new insights into genetic interactions that shape immune phenotypes in mice and humans, and generate panels of genetically defined mice to probe how sets of polymorphic genes affect immune responses against a variety of pathogens or other immune stimuli.
2. U19 AI107810 (PI: Baric) 07/01/13-06/30/18
   1. 1. NIH/NIAID $7,346,408
      2. Characterization of novel genes encoded by RNA and DNA viruses
      3. Using highly pathogenic human respiratory and systemic viruses which cause acute and chronic life-threatening disease outcomes, we test the hypothesis that RNA and DNA viruses encode common and unique mechanisms to manipulate virus replication efficiency and host responses to determine severe disease outcomes.
      4. U19 AI 107810-Supplement (PI: Baric) 09/01/14-05/31/15
      5. NIH/NIAID $57,395
      6. Characterization of novel genes encoded by RNA and DNA viruses
      7. One year administrative supplement to identify viral gene products encoded by pathogenic human viruses that manipulate the host protein synthesis machinery and related signaling pathways.
3. R01 AI 107731 (PI: De Silva) 07/01/13-06/30/18
   1. 1. NIH/NIAID $300,000
      2. Molecular Basis of Dengue Virus Neutralization by Human Antibodies
      3. These studies proposed here are directly relevant to developing simple assays to predict the performance of the leading dengue vaccine candidates and also for developing the next generation of safe and effective dengue vaccines.
      4. Role: Co-Investigator
4. R01 AI108197 (MPI: Denison/Baric) 08/01/13-07/31/18
   1. 1. Vanderbilt University/NIH/NIAID $280,000
      2. Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis
      3. Experiments in this aim will test the hypothesis nsp1 functions in maintaining high replication fidelity and viral RNA synthesis are coupled and that targeted engineered mutations across nsp14 alter: a) RNA fidelity outcomes; b) sensitivity nucleoside mutagens, terminators and polymerase inhibitors; c) the kinetics and magnitude of positive, negative, genomic and subgenomic RNA synthesis; and d) RNA recombination frequencies.
5. U19-AI106772-02 (PI: Kawaoka) 08/01/13-05/31/18
   1. 1. Univ of Wisconsin/NIH/NIAID $411,563
      2. Modeling Host Responses to Understand Severe Human Virus
      3. The proposed studies will provide a more detailed look at the intracellular environment by taking “snapshots” of the lipids, metabolytes, and proteins present during viral infection time courses. These assays will allow us to determine the innate immune response occurring immediately following virus infection and to determine how the virus and cell interact over a 72 hour window.Role: Investigator
      4. Supplement to OMIC (PI: Kawaoka) 08/25/14-5/31/15
      5. Univ. of Wisconsin/NIH/NIAID $200,000
      6. Epigenetic Regulation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes Following MERS-CoV Infection
      7. The overriding hypothesis of this supplemental application is that MERS-CoV and H5N1 manipulate host epigenetic programs to specifically down-regulate certain classes of ISGs, which likely antagonize virus replication efficiency in vitro. The goal is to develop systems biology datasets and unbiased modeling algorithms to de-convolute the complex pathogen-host interactions that regulate severe disease outcomes following infection and identify common host pathways/genes that can be exploited for therapeutic control.
      8. Role: Investigator
6. HHSN272201000019I-HHSN27200003 (PI: Palese) 09/30/13-03/31/16
   1. 1. MSSM/NIH $481,223
      2. MERS-CoV Mouse Model for Vaccine & Therapeutic Testing (Task Order A57)
      3. Specific Aims: Use generation of transgenic mice and modifications to the MERS-CoV genome to identify a mouse model for MERS-CoV that recapitulates human disease phenotypes for evaluating vaccine platforms and therapeutics. Role: Consortium PI
7. U19 AI 109680 CETR (PI: Whitley) 03/01/14-02/28/19
   1. 1. UAB/NIH/NIAID $1,611,425
      2. Antiviral Drug Discovery and Development Center
      3. The specific aims of the proposal will identify small molecule inhibitors of CoV fidelity and RNA capping, define their mechanism of action, and determine their efficacy against SARS-CoV and across CoV families using in vivo mouse models of acute and persistent CoV disease.Role: Co-Investigator
8. U19 AI109761 CETR (PI: Lipkin) 03/01/14-02/28/19
   1. 1. Columbia/NIH/NIAID $2,999,060
      2. Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease
      3. The overall goal of this program is to develop new platform technologies that use functional genomics as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of severe end stage lung disease following virus infection of the lung. Role: Project Leader, Consortium PI
9. R56 AI106006 (PI: Baric) 09/01/14-8/31/16
   1. 1. NIH/NIAID $759,938
      2. Mechanisms of Norovirus Protective Immunity
      3. The overall goal of this program is to prevent future norovirus outbreaks. We will identify molecular markers for long-term protective immunity and characterize the breadth of the protective antibody response after vaccination. Our studies will identify key norovirus neutralizing epitopes which mediate type specific and broadly cross reactive short and long-term protective immunity, develop robust platforms for discriminating between short and long-term memory B cell response following human vaccination and inform second generation norovirus vaccine design as certain strains evolve quickly.
10. Not Assigned (PI: Desilva) 03/01/13-09/30/17
    1. 1. Sanofi Pasteur Vaccines $130,000
       2. UNC-Sanofi Pasteur Pilot Study to Characterize Human Antibody Response to Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine
       3. To characterized the properties of antibodies in naïve individuals who received 3 doses of CYD tetravalent vaccine. Here we propose to continue these studies by analyzing a further 20 samples from both dengue naïve and immune individuals who received vaccine.
       4. Role: Investigator
11. 246823 (PI: Baric) 01/27/15-09/16/16
    1. 1. PNNL/DHS $205,569
       2. Generation of Predictive Models of Viral Pathogenesis
       3. Using advances in transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, we will identify changes in the virus-host interaction expression networks associated with DENV infection of Aedes aegypti cells or human immune cells in vitro, the latter model after natural receptor-mediated or after ADE mediated entry processes.
12. Not assigned (PI: deSilva) 02/01/2015-01/31/18
    1. 1. Johns Hopkins U/Gates Foundation $726,498
       2. The dengue human infection model: Defining correlates of protection and advancing vaccine development
       3. The goal of these studies conducted by the Baric laboratory are to use recombinant dengue viruses encoding multiple homotypic neutralizing sites from multiple strains, as well as a collection of null mutants, to characterize the homotypic immune response elicited in
       4. humans following natural infection and after challenge in GSK DENV tetravalent vaccinated individuals. This grant has been funded by Gates.
       5. Role: Co-Investigator
13. R01 AI110700 (PI: Baric) 04/20/15-03/31/20
    1. 1. NIH/NIAID $3,675,513
       2. Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis
       3. The overall goal is to build a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms guiding group 2c CoV receptor recognition, entry and pathogenesis.
14. Not Assigned (deSilva-PI) 05/01/14 – 05/31/16
    1. 1. Takeda Global Res & Development Ctr, Inc $130,191
       2. UNC-Takeda Study to Characterize Human Antibody Response to DENVax
       3. Takeda and UNC will collaborate to determine if the Takeda vaccine induces antibodies against the neutralizing epitopes discovered at UNC.
15. 00008956 (PI: De Silva) 07/29/15-06/30/16
    1. 1. UCB/NIH/NIAID $275,000
       2. Protective immunity following dengue virus natural infections and vaccination
       3. We will perform studies to characterize the B-cell/ antibody (responses in people who receive dengue live attenuated virus vaccines (DLAV).
       4. Role: Co-Investigator

B. Completed

1. Harvey Weaver Scholar, National Multiple Sclerosis Society. 7/1/84-5/1/86. Total: $44,000. Postdoctoral fellow research fellow support. PI: RS Baric
2. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 23946 years 1-3) Studies into the mechanism of MHV transcription. 7/1/86-3/31/90. $324,000 Direct costs. PI: RS Baric, 40% effort.
3. National American Heart Association Grant in Aid. Coronavirus-induced myocarditis in rabbits. July 1987-June 1990. $29,609 first year; total for three years: $94,227 (direct costs), PI: RS Baric 10% effort.
4. Career Development Award from the National American Heart Association, Established Investigator Award "Coronavirus-Induced Rabbit Cardiomyopathy". Established Investigator-American Heart Association. Direct costs: $175,000. 7/1/89 - 6/30/94. PI: RS Baric
5. School of Public Health, BRSG. Coronavirus-induced myocarditis in rabbits. 1986-1987. $7,150 Direct costs. PI: RS Baric
6. School of Public Health, BRSG. Incidence of the enteric rotaviruses, adenoviruses, and coronaviruses among migrant farm workers. 1987-88. Direct costs $7,150. PI: RS Baric
7. School of Public Health, BRSG Small Instrument Program. Direct costs $7,477.80. PI: RS Baric. 1989
8. National American Heart Association Grant in Aid. "Coronavirus-induced myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. 7/1/90 - 6/30/93. Direct costs $108,000. PI: RS Baric, 10% effort.
9. School of Public Health, BRSG. Development of PCR techniques for detection of HAV and other enteroviruses. 1989 - 1990. Direct costs $3,200. PI: RS Baric
10. School of Public Health, BRSG. Small Instrument Program. $7,200. (1987), PI: RS Baric
11. School of Public Health, BRSG. Small Instrument Program $6,200. (1988), PI: RS Baric
12. American Water Works Association. "Gene probes to analyze for waterborne microorganisms and virus". 10/1/90 - 9/30/92. Direct costs $150,000/yr (Co-PI with Mark Sobsey ENVR).
13. National Shellfish Indicator Study. Detection of human and nonhuman fecal indicators in shellfish and environmental samples. 11/1/90 - 10/30/92. Direct costs $205,000 (Co-PI with Mark Sobsey, ENVR).
14. Environmental Protection Agency. Development of ultra-sensitive gene probes for the detection of HAV and other enteroviruses in environmental samples. Direct costs $315,000 (Co-PI with Mark Sobsey, ENVR). 6/5/91 - 6/4/93
15. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. "Studies into the Mechanism of MHV Replication". 1/1/92 - 12/31/96. Total costs: ~$895,000. PI: RS Baric, 40% effort. Years 4-8.
16. North Carolina Biotechnology Center. Studies into the mechanism for mefloquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum in vitro. 7/1/92 - 12/31/93 $40,000 direct costs. PI: RS Baric, 5% effort.
17. World Health Organization. Molecular screening strategies for antimalarial drugs. 1994-1996, $75,000 Direct Costs. PI: RS Baric, 10% effort.
18. North Carolina Biotechnology Center. “Molecular Methods to detect and control human calicivirus infections” 7/1/2000-12/21/01. $55,000 total costs. RS Baric, PI 5% effort.
19. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. "Studies into the Mechanism of MHV Replication". 7/1/97-6/30/02. Total costs: 1,000,000. PI: RS Baric, 40% effort. Years 9-13.
20. American Water Works Association Research Foundation. “Development of a Molecular Method to Detect Infective Viruses.” T. Cromeans and M.Sobsey, PI; RS Baric, co-investigator 5% effort. $250,000 total costs, 1/1/2000-12/31/03.
21. Environmental Protection Agency. “Research to Assess the Potential for the Use of Noninvasive Assays to Measure Infections Caused by Exposure to Viral Pathogens in Drinking and Recreational Waters.” PI: C.Moe, subproject: to RS Baric. 10/1/01-9/31/03. $400,000 total costs, 5% effort.
22. National Institute of Health, Allergy and Infectious diseases. “Reverse Genetics with a Coronavirus Infectious cDNA Construct.” 4/1/2001-3/31/005 $1.0 million total costs/yr. RS Baric, PI 25% effort. GM 63228
23. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. R01. Remodeling the SARS Coronavirus Genome Regulatory Network. RS Baric, PI 10% effort. 7/1/04-6/30/09. $2.1 million.
24. NIH Southeastern Regional Center for Excellence. Marburg virus reverse genetics and pathogenesis 12/1/04-11/30/06. $200,000 total costs. RS Baric, PI 2% effort.
25. National Institute of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases: "Studies into the Mechanism of MHV Replication". 4/1/03-3/30/08, ~2,000,000 total costs. RS Baric, PI-30% effort. (years 14-19) AI23946, 1 year no cost extension in progress.
    1. 1. This project focuses on identifying the important virus-receptor interactions which mediate Mouse hepatitis virus cross species transmissibility during persistence and in mixed cell cultures in vitro.
26. NIH AID Supplement 1 and 2: SARS Reverse Genetics. AI23946-14A1 $250,000 direct costs. Supplements to develop a full length cDNA of the SARS-CoV and equip a BSL3 laboratory in the School of Public Health, Room 3221D McGaveran Greenberg Hall. RS Baric, 5% effort, PI. 9/1/03-8/30/04.
27. National Institute of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses. 7/1/03-6/30/08. RS Baric, PI; 20% effort; 2.3 million total costs. RO1 AI056351-01.
28. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. SARS Reverse Genetics. AI059136-01. $1.7 million total costs, RS Baric, PI. 10% effort. 4/1/04-3/31/09.
    1. 1. The project develops a SARS-CoV full length infectious cDNA, the development of SARS-CoV replicon particles expressing heterologous genes, and seeks to adapt SARS-CoV to mice, producing a pathogenic mouse model for SARS-CoV infection.
29. GC11714-130654 (Engle, PI; Baric, Co-PI) NIH Univ VA-Subcontract 6/1/08 - 5/31/09. Yeast Based Assays for Chemical Screens Against SARS-CoV Targets
    1. 1. Specific Aims: The ultimate goal of this proposal is to develop a rationale, high throughput yeast-based antiviral screen that identifies small molecule inhibitors that target novel viral genes.
30. Gillings Foundation. UNC GIL 200710.0017. “Vaccines for Global Health”. Baric, RS PI. Total Direct Costs: $528,371. 09/01/2008-08/31/2010.
31. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. P01 AI059443-05. Developing vaccine candidates for the SARS Coronavirus. RS Baric, PI 30% effort. Total direct costs: $9,025,984; 5/1/05-1/31/11.
    1. 1. The program project grant enlists Dr. Robert E. Johnston, Dr. Mark Heise, Dr. Nancy Davis from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Dr. Mark Denison from Vanderbilt University and Dr. Peter Palese from Mt. Sinai School of Medicine to develop vaccine candidates for the SARS-CoV using a combination of molecular genetic approaches to
       2. develop live attenuated vaccines and vaccine platforms based on alphaviruses and new castle disease virus. Vaccine efficacy is tested following SARS-CoV infection in mice and ferrets as models.
32. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. RO1. HL080621. Macaque Model and Gene Expression Profiling of SARS Michael Katze, PI (University of Washington); RS Baric Subcontract PI. 5% effort. Total direct costs: $375,000 direct costs/year. 01/01/06-12/30/10.
    1. 1. The proposal seeks to study the pathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV pathogenesis in the macaque model developed by Ab Osterhaus. Our role on the proposal is to use reverse genetics to a) reconstruct a molecular clone of strain (HKU-39849) and compare the pathogenesis of this recombinant virus to recombinant Urbani. The proposal studies the pathogenesis of these isolates in the macaque model and performs array analysis to identify alterations in gene expression profiles during infection in airway cultures derived from macaques.
33. NIAID/NHLB, R21 AI079521 Targeted Gene Expression from NL63 Vaccine Vectors (Sims-PI; Baric Co-Investigator, 5% effort) Total Direct costs: $275,000. 07/01/08-06/30/11
    1. 1. Dr. Sims develops attenuated, coronavirus vaccine vectors that express influenza hemagglutinin antigens and that protect from lethal influenza virus challenge.
34. National Institutes of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. R21/R33 AI 076159-03 Human Coronaviruses as Multigene Mucosal Vaccine Vectors for HIV (Sims-PI; Baric Co-Investigator); Total Direct costs: $286,661. 04/01/08 - 03/31/11
    1. 1. This project will provide the first critical evaluation of the potential use of common cold human coronaviruses as live mucosal vaccine vectors for HIV.
35. HHSN2722010000191/HHSN27200001 (Palese, P. PI) 9/30/11-9/29/2012
    1. 1. Mt Sinai School of Medicine/NIH/NIAID Total Direct Costs: $200,000
       2. NIAID Animal Models of Infectious Diseases-Task Order A26
       3. New Animal Models for Chronic Chikungunya Virus Diseases in At-Risk Populations
       4. The goal of this project is to test a variety of mouse strains for their susceptibility to chronic chikungunya virus-induced disease.
       5. Role on Project: Consortium Co-investigator
36. National Institute of Health, Allergy and Infectious Diseases. R01AI075297
    1. 1. SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice. 4/1/08-3/31/14 NCE. Baric, R.S. (PI); Total direct costs: $1,966,516
       2. The proposal seeks to unravel the host and virological factors present in zoonotic and epidemic strains of the SARS-CoV that contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in the senescent mouse model. We will use reverse genetics to identify genetic determinants in the zoonotic S glycoprotein and replicase that contribute to increased pathogenesis and mortality in senescent mice and identify host factors which are differentially regulated in young and senescent mice that contribute to pathogenesis. The role of select pathways in disease progression will be evaluated with null animals.
37. SERCEB U54 AI057157 (Sparling, PI; Denison, Project PI; Vanderbilt; Baric, R-Co-PI) 3/1/09 – 2/28/14 Project 1.1. Platforms for the Synthesis and Testing of Emerging Zoonotic Viruses
    1. 1. The project will use emerging group 1 Bat-CoV, coupled with synthetic genome and gene design, to define conserved determinants of host species movement, adaptation, and pathogenesis in a senescent mouse model.
38. SERCEB U54 AI057157 (Sparling, PI; De Silva, Project PI; Baric, R-Co-PI). Project 3.2. “Antibody in Protective and Pathogenic Immunity to Dengue Type 3” 3/1/09 – 2/28/14
39. PNWRCE U54 AI080680 (Nelson, PI Baric-Project PI) 4/21/09 – 2/28/14
    1. 1. Project 3.1 Pathogenomics of Severe Respiratory Virus Infection. PI, RS Baric. Annual total direct costs: $430,000.
       2. The project uses a systems genetic approach and novel mouse genetic resources, the collaborative cross, to map susceptibility loci regulating SARS-CoV and influenza virus pathogenesis in young mice.
40. 02-340-0213337 (PI: Baric) 03/01/13-02/28/14
    1. 1. RTI/DOD $200,000
       2. Human Emulated Response with Microfluidic-Enhanced Systems (HERMES)
       3. The overall goal of RTI’s proposal is to develop in vitro, cell-based platform that mimics human physiological systems as a new paradigm for assessment of efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of pharmaceuticals.
41. Univ Wash/NIH-Subcontract, R01 HL080621 A Systems biology Approach to Emerging Respiratory Viral Diseases, PI: M. Katze(UWash) $16,954,607 (total contract); Baric SubProject: Systems Biology of Lethal and Attenuated SARS-CoV Infection (~$300,000/yr direct costs). 9/15/08 - 9/14/13.
    1. 1. This project uses a systems genomic and proteomic approach to elucidate the host signaling networks that regulate highly pathogenic respiratory virus induced severe and end-stage lung disease.
42. RO1 RO1 AI056351 (PI: Baric) 02/01/2009 - 01/31/2015
    1. 1. NIH/NIAID Total direct cost: $2,854,241
       2. Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses.
       3. This application seeks to study the function of susceptibility alleles in human Norovirus infection. Using a human challenge model, we will determine if individuals initially infected with Norwalk virus develop long-term resistance that protects against subsequent challenge. We will also determine if other Noroviruses use ABH antigens as receptors for docking and entry.
       4. 43. R01 AI085524 (PI: Marasco) 06/09/10-05/31/15
       5. Dana Farber/NIH $184,059
       6. Broad Spectrum Neutralizing Human Abs to SARS-CoV and Related Zoonotic Coronaviruses.
       7. Specific Aims: We will use SARS-CoV as a model to: 1) establish new paradigms for developing universal therapeutic platforms that protect against new emerging and deliberately designed human pathogens; 2) define pathways of virus escape as a function therapeutic composition and evaluate pathogenic consequences and 3) evaluate therapeutic potential in robust animal models, especially in vulnerable populations that develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
       8. Role: Consortium PI

C. Career Development Awards (Also listed in previous support)

1. Harvey Weaver Scholar, National Multiple Sclerosis Society. 7/1/84-5/1/86. $44,000. Postdoctoral fellow research fellow support. PI: RS Baric
2. Career Development Award from the National American Heart Association, Established Investigator Award "Coronavirus-Induced Rabbit Cardiomyopathy".. Direct costs $175,000. 7/1/89 - 6/30/94. PI: RS Baric

D. Mentor: Student/Postdoc Fellowship Awards

1. Lorraine K. Alexander. Rabbit Coronavirus induced myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. $60,000, Bird Dunn Awardee.(Postdoctoral Fellowship-North Carolina Chapter from the American Heart Association, RS Baric, Mentor
2. Wan Chen. Persistence and evolution mechanisms of Mouse Hepatitis Virus. Pathogenesis Training Grant. Postdoctoral Fellowship Support $36,000 direct costs. RS Baric, Mentor
3. Kris Curtis, Virology Training Grant 9/1/01-8/30/02. Coronavirus reverse genetics, $18,000 direct costs, RS Baric, Mentor
4. Patrick Harrington, Virology Training grant 9/1/02-8/30/03. Norovirus capsid-ABH antigen interactions. $18,000 Direct Costs, RS Baric, Mentor.
5. Will McRoy, Virology Training Grant 9/1/03-8/30/04. Coronavirus Host Shifting Mechanisms. ~$18,000 Direct Costs. RS Baric, Mentor
6. R.J. Cleveland, Department of Defense, Breast Cancer Research Program. Insulin-like-growth factor 1-gene polymorphisms in breast cancer. Predoctoral fellowship award 4/1/01-3/31/04; $65,858 total costs. Mentor: M. Gamon, RS Baric and B. Millikan, co investigators.
7. Amy Sims, Postdoctoral Fellowship Award; Pathogenesis Training Grant. 6/1/02-5/30/04. $75,000/total costs. RS Baric, Mentor
8. Matt Frieman, NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship Award, “SARS-CoV mediated Modulation of Innate Immunity”. $120,000 total costs; Oct 1, 2005-Sept 31, 2008. RS Baric, Mentor
9. Rachael Graham, NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship Award. Rewiring the SARS-CoV Genome. $120,000 total costs; Oct 2008-2010. RS Baric, Mentor
10. Vineet Menachery, NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship Award. RS Baric, Mentor

E. Training Grant Participation at UNC

1. Virology Training Grant (Department of Microbiology, Ronald Swanstrom, Director) 1993-present.
2. Pathogenesis Training Grant (Department of Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases; David Margolis, Director) 1992-Present.
3. Nutritional Biochemistry and Epidemiology of Cancer (Epidemiology Department; Lenore Kohlmeier, Director). 1997
4. Environmental and Molecular Epidemiology Training Grant (David Savitz, Director) 1997-2004.

VIII. PUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS:

A. Manuscripts

1. 1. Baric, R.S., Moore, D.B., and Johnston, R.E., 1980. In vitro selection of an attenuated variant of Sindbis virus. Mol. Cell Biol. 18:685-694.
2. 2. Baric, R.S., Trent, D.W., and Johnston, R.E., 1981. A Sindbis virus variant with a cell determined latent period. Virology 110(1):237-242. PMID: 7210508
3. 3. Baric, R.S., Carlin, L.J., and Johnston, R.E., 1983. Requirement for host transcription in the replication of Sindbis virus. J. Virol. 45(1):200-205. PMCID: PMC256402
4. 4. Baric, R.S., Lineberger, D.W., and Johnston, R.W., 1983. Reduced synthesis of Sindbis virus negative strand RNA in cultures treated with inhibitors of host transcription. J. Virol. 47(1):46-54. PMCID: PMC255196
5. 5. Baric, R.S., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1983. Characterization of replicative intermediate RNA of mouse hepatitis virus: Presence of leader RNA sequences on the nascent chains. J. Virol. 48(3):633-640. PMCID: PMC255394
6. 6. Lai, M.M.C., Patton, C.D., Baric, R.S., and Stohlman, S.A., 1983. Presence of leader sequences in mRNA of mouse hepatitis virus. J. Virol. 46(3):1027-1033. PMCID: PMC256579
7. 7. Lai, M.M.C., Baric, R.S., Brayton PR and Stohlman, R.A. 1984. Characterization of leader RNA sequences on the virion and mRNAs of mouse hepatitis virus, a cytoplasmic RNA virus. PNAS 81(12):3626-3630. PMCID: PMC345271
8. 8. Lai MM, Baric RS, Brayton PR, Stohlman SA.1984. Studies on the mechanism of RNA synthesis of a murine coronavirus. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1984;173:187-200. PMID: 6331110
9. 9. Olmstead, R.A., Baric, R.S., Sawyer BA and Johnston, R.E., 1984. Sindbis virus mutants selected for rapid growth in cell culture display attenuated virulence in animals. Science 225(4660):424-426. PMID: 6204381
10. 10. Baric, R.S., Stohlman, S.A., Razavi, M.K., and Lai, M.M.C., 1985. Characterization of leader-related small RNAs in coronavirus-infected cells: further evidence for leader-primed mechanism of transcription. Virus Research 3(1):19-33. PMID: 2992183
11. 11. Lai, M.M.C., Baric, R.S., Makino, S., Keck, J.G., Egbert, J.E., Leibowitz, J., and Stohlman, S.A., 1986. Recombination between non-segmented RNA genomes of murine coronaviruses. J. Virol. 56(2):449-456. PMCID: PMC252599
12. 12. Baric, R.S., Shieh, C.K., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1987. Studies into the mechanism of MHV transcription. Adv Exp Med Virol 218,137-149. PMID: 2829521
13. 13. Baric, R.S., Shieh, C.K., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1987. Analysis of intracellular small RNAs of mouse hepatitis virus: Evidence for discontinuous transcription. Virology 156(2):342-354. PMID: 3027983
14. 14. Lai, M.M.C., Makino, S., Baric, R.S., Soe, L., Shieh, C.K., Keck, J.G., and Stohlman, S.A., 1987. ICN-UCLA Symp. Mol. Cell Bio. Positive strand RNA viruses. Vol 54: 285-299.
15. 15. Baric, R.S., Nelson, G., Fleming, J., Deans, R., Keck, J.G., Casteel, N., and Stohlman, S.A., 1988. Interactions between the coronavirus nucleocapsid protein and viral RNAs: Implications in viral transcription. J. Virol. 62(11):4280-4287. PMCID: PMC253862
16. 16. Stohlman, S.A., Baric, R.S., Nelson, G., Soe, L., and Deans, B., 1988. Specific Interaction between the coronavirus leader RNA sequences and the nucleocapsid protein. J. Virol. 62(11):4288-4295. PMCID: PMC253863
17. 17. Baric, R.S., Edwards, S., Small J.D., 1990. Rabbit cardiomyopathy. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 276:511-518.
18. 18. Baric, R.S., Fu, K., Schaad, M.C., and Stohlman, S.A., 1990. Establishing a genetic recombination map for murine coronavirus strain A59 complementation groups. Virology 177(2):646-656.
19. 19. Baric RS, Schaad MC, Wei T, Fu KS, Lum K, Shieh C, Stohlman SA. 1990. Murine coronavirus temperature sensitive mutants. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 276:349-356. PMID: 1966422
20. 20. Deleon, R., Y.S. Shieh, R.S. Baric, and M.D. Sobsey. 1990. Detection of enteroviruses and hepatitis A virus in environmental samples by gene probes and polymerase chain reaction. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 18, 833-853.
21. 21. Schaad, M.C., Stohlman, S.A., Egbert, J., Lum, K., Fu, K. and Baric, R.S.1990. Genetics of MHV transcription: Identification of cistrons required for MHV positive and negative strand RNA synthesis. Virology 177(2):634-645. PMID 2164727
22. 22. Shieh, C., Baric, R.S., Sobsey, M., Delong, R., Ticehurst, J., and Walter, R., 1991. Detection of hepatitis A virus and other enteroviruses in environmental samples using gene probe methods. J. Virol Methods 31(19):119-136. PMID:1849914
23. 23. Alexander, L.K., Small, J.D., Edwards, S.W. and R. S. Baric. 1992. An experimental model for dilated cardiomyopathy following rabbit coronavirus infection. Journal Infectious Diseases 166(5):978-85. PMID:1328411
24. 24. De Leon, R., Sobsey, M.D., Matsui, S.M., Baric, R.S., Herrmann, J.E., Blacklow, N.R., and Greenberg, H.B., 1992. Detection of Norwalk virus in stool specimens by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and non-radioactive oligo probes (RT-PCR-OP). J. Clin. Microbiol. 30(12):3151-3157. PMCID: PMC270605
25. 25. Edwards, W., Small, J.D., Geratz, D., Alexander, L.K. and Baric, R.S., 1992. A model for Virus-induced myocarditis and congestive heart failure in Rabbits. J. Infectious Diseases 165(1):134-140. PMID:1309370
26. 26. Fu, K. and Baric, R.S. 1992. Evidence for variable rates of recombination in the MHV genome. Virology 189(1):88-102. PMID:1318616
27. 27. Baker, S.C, Gao-HQ and Baric, R.S. 1993. Altered proteolytic processing of the polymerase polyprotein in RNA(-) TS mutants of mouse hepatitis virus. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 342:215-9. PMID:8209733
28. 28. Alexander, L.K., Keene, B., Small, J.D. and Yount, B Jr, Baric, R.S. 1993. Electrocardiographic changes associated with rabbit coronavirus induced myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 342:365-370. PMID: 8209755.
29. 29. Fletcher, L.D., Berger, L.C., Peel, S.A., Baric, R.S., Tidwell, R.R., Dykstra, C.C. 1993. Isolation and identification of three Pneumocystis carinii genes utilizing codon bias. Gene 129(2):167-174. PMID: 8325503
30. 30. Hughes, S.A., Dension, M.R., Vonilla P., Leibowitz, J.L., Baric, R.S., and Weiss, R.S. 1993. A newly identified MHV-A59 ORf la polypeptide P65 is temperature sensitive in two RNA-mutants. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol 342:221-6. PMID:8209734
31. 31. Peel, S.A., Merritt, S.C., Handy J., and R.S. Baric. 1993. Derivation of highly mefloquine resistant lines from plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 48(3):385-397. PMID: 8470776
32. 32. Schaad, M.C. and Baric, R.S. 1993. Evidence for new transcriptional units encoded at the 3' end of the mouse hepatitis virus genome. Virology 196(1):190-198. PMID: 8395114
33. 33. Schaad, M.C., Chen, W., Peel, S.A. and Baric R.S. 1993. Studies into the mechanism for MHV transcription. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 342:85-90. PMID: 8209776
34. 34. Fu, K and Baric R.S. 1994. Map locations of MHV temperature sensitive mutants: Evidence for variable rates of recombination. J. Virol. 68(11):7458-7466. PMCID: PMC237188
35. 35. Peel, S.A., Bright, P., Handy, J. and Baric, R.S. 1994. Amplification, over expression and mutation in pfmdr1 is critical for Mefloquine, and Halofantrin resistance in P. falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med and Hygiene 51(5):648-658. PMID: 7985758
36. 36. Schaad MC and Baric RS. 1994. Genetics of mouse hepatitis virus transcription: Evidence that subgenomic minus strands are functional templates. J Virol. 68(12):7458-7466. PMCID: PMC237282
37. 37. Chen, W. and Baric, R.S. 1995. Function of a 5' end mutation that evolves during persistent MHV infection in vitro. J. Virol. 69(12):7529-7540. PMCID: PMC189691
38. 38. Alexander, L.K., Keene, B., and Baric, R.S. 1995. Echocardiographic changes following rabbit coronavirus infection. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 380:113-115. PMID: 8830464
39. 39. Baric, R.S., Fu, K, Chen, W., Yount, B. 1995. High RNA recombination and mutation rates in MHV suggest that coronaviruses may be potentially important emerging viruses. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 380:571-576.
40. 40. Chen, W. and Baric, R.S. 1996. Molecular anatomy of mouse hepatitis virus persistence: coevolution of resistant host cells and more virulent viruses. J. Virol. 70(6):3947-3960. PMCID: PMC190273
41. 41. Baric, R.S. and Schaad, M.C. 1996. Evidence that mouse hepatitis virus subgenomic negative strands are functional templates. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 380:491-497.
42. 42. Chen, W. and Baric, R.S. 1996. Evolution and persistence mechanisms in mouse hepatitis virus. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 380:63-71.
43. 43. Baric, R.S., Yount, B, Hensley, L, Peel, SA, and W. Chen. 1997. Episodic Evolution Mediates Interspecies Transfer of A Murine Coronavirus. J. Virol. 71(3):1946-1955. PMCID: PMC191277.
44. 44. Chen, W., V.J. Madden, C.R. Bagnell, Jr. and R.S. Baric. 1997. Host-derived intracellular immunization against mouse hepatitis virus infection. Virology 228(2):318-332.
45. 45. Shieh, C.Y.S, R. S. Baric, and M.D. Sobsey. 1997. Detection of low levels of enteric viruses in metropolitan and airplane sewage. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63(11):4401-4407. PMCID: PMC168760
46. 46. Chen, W., B Yount, L Hensley, and RS Baric. 1998. Receptor homologue scanning functions in the maintenance of MHV persistence in vitro. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 440:743-750.
47. 47. Alexander, L.K., Keene, B., Yount, B.L, Geratz, J.D., Small, J.D., Baric, R.S. 1998. Electrocardiographic and pathologic changes associated with rabbit coronavirus interaction. J. Electrocardiol 32(1):21-32.
48. 48. Hensley, LE and RS Baric. 1998. Human biliary glycoproteins function as receptors for interspecies transfer of mouse hepatitis virus. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 440:43-52.
49. 49. Hensley, LE, Holmes, KV, Beauchemin, N, and RS Baric. 1998. Virus receptor interactions and interspecies transfer of a mouse hepatitis virus. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 440:33-41.
50. 50. McKaig, R.G., R.S. Baric, and A.F. Olshan. 1998. Human papillomavirus and head and neck cancer: epidemiology and molecular biology. Head Neck. May, 20(3):250-265.
51. 51. Stalcup, R.P., R.S. Baric, and J.L. Leibowitz. 1998. Genetic complementation among three panels of mouse hepatitis virus gene 2 mutants. Virology 241(1):112-121.
52. 52. Shieh, YC, K.R. Calci, and RS Baric. 1999. A method to detect low levels of enteric viruses in contaminated oysters. Appl and Environ Microbiol 65(11):4709-4714. PMCID: PMC91633
53. 53. Baric, RS, Sullivan, E, Hensley, L, Yount, B, and W. Chen. 1999. Persistent infection promotes cross-species transmissibility of mouse hepatitis virus. J Virol. 73(1):638-649. PMCID: PMC103870
54. 54. Baric, RS. 1999. Recombination in Nidovirales. Virus International 61:87-89.
55. 55. Parks, CG, CL Moe, D Rhodes, A Lima, L Barrett, F Tseng, RS Baric, A Talal and RL Guerrant. 1999. Genetic diversity of "norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs): pediatric infections in a Brazilian shantytown. J Med Virol. 58(4):426-434.
56. 56. Baric, R.S. and Yount, B. 2000. Subgenomic negative strand RNA function during mouse hepatitis virus infection. J Virol. 74(9):4039-4046. PMCID: PMC111917
57. 57. Shieh, Y., S.S. Monroe, R.L. Frankhauser, G.W. Langlois, W. Burkhardt, and RS Baric. 2000. Detection of Norwalk-like viruses in shellfish implicated in illness. J Infect Dis. May 181 Suppl 2:S360-6. Review.
58. 58. Yount, B., K.M. Curtis, and R.S. Baric. 2000. Strategy for systematic assembly of large RNA and DNA genomes: transmissible gastroenteritis virus model. J.Virol. 74(22):10600-10611. PMCID: PMC110934
59. 59. Baric, RS, Curtis, K, and Yount, B. 2001. MHV subgenomic negative strand function. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 494:459-465.
60. 60. Curtis, K., Yount, B. and Baric, RS. 2001. A simple strategy to assembly coronavirus infectious cDNA constructs. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 494:475-481.
61. 61. JC Schroeder, AF Olshan, RS Baric, GA Dent, CR Weinberg, B Yount, JR Cerhan, CF Lynch, LM Schuman, PE Tolbert, N Rothman, KP Cantor, A Blair . 2001. Agricultural risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Epidemiology. 12(6):701-9.
62. 62. Baric, RS, Yount, B., Lindesmith, L, Harrington, PR., Greene, SR., Tseng, F., Davis, N., Johnston, RE, Klapper, DG and Moe, CL. 2002. Expression and Self-Assembly of Norwalk virus Capsid Protein from Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replicons. J.Virol. 76(6):3023-3030. PMCID: PMC135954
63. 63. Curtis, K, Yount, B and Baric, RS. 2002. Coronavirus derived vectors for genetic analysis and heterologous gene expression. Rec. Res. Dev. Virol. 4:203-229.
64. 64. Curtis, K., Yount, B., and Baric, RS. 2002. Heterologous gene expression from transmissible gastroenteritis virus replicon particles. J. Virol. 76(3):1422-1434. PMCID: PMC135785
65. 65. Harrington, P., Yount, B., Johnston, RE, Davis, N., Moe, C. and Baric, RS. 2002. Systemic, mucosal and heterotypic immune induction in mice inoculated with Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicons expressing Norwalk virus-like particles. J.Virol. 76(2):730-742. PMCID: PMC136807
66. 66. Harrington, PR., Lindesmith, L., Yount, B, Moe, CL and Baric, RS. 2002. Binding of Norwalk virus-like particles to ABH histo-blood group antigens is blocked by antisera from infected human volunteers or experimentally vaccinated mice. J. Virol. 76(23):12335-12343. PMCID: PMC136916
67. 67. JC Schroeder, AF Olshan, R Baric, GA Dent, CR Weinberg, B Yount, JR Cerhan, CF Lynch, LM Schuman, PE Tolbert, N Rothman, KP Cantor, A Blair. 2002. A case-control study of tobacco use and other non-occupational risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Causes and Controls 13(2):159-168.
68. 68. Shieh, YC and Baric RS. 2002. Detection of enteroviruses in shellfish by fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction integrated with 96-well microplate scanning. J AOAC Int 85(5):1045-1051.
69. 69. Yount, B, Denison, MR, Weiss, SR and Baric, RS. 2002. Systematic assembly of a full-length infectious cDNA of mouse hepatitis virus strain A59. J. Virol. 76(21):11065-11078. PMCID: PMC136593
70. 70. Harrington, PR, Lindesmith L., Yount B., Moe CL, LePendu J. and Baric, RS. 2003. Norovirus attachment, susceptibility and vaccine design. Recent Res. Devel. Virol. 5:19-44.
71. 71. Lindesmith, L, C. Moe, S. Marionneau, N. Ruvoen, X. Jiang, L. Lindblad, P. Stewart, J. LePendu and R Baric. 2003. Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection. Nat Med. 9(5):548-553. PMID:12692541
72. 72. Shieh, YC, Baric RS., Woods JW, Calci, KR 2003. Molecular surveillance of enterovirus and Norwalk-like virus in oysters relocated to a municipal-sewage-impacted gulf estuary. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69(12):7130-6. PMCID: PMC309897
73. 73. Yount, B, Curtis, K., Fritz L, Hensley, L., Jahrling P., Prentice E., Denison M., Geisbert T and Baric, RS. 2003. Reverse Genetics with a full length infectious cDNA for the SARS Coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(22):12995-13000. PMCID: PMC240733
74. 74. Curtis, K, Yount B, Sims A, Baric RS. 2004. Reverse genetic analysis of the transcription regulatory sequence of the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus. J. Virol. 78(11):6061-6 PMCID: PMC415797
75. 75. Denison, MR, Yount, B., Brockway S, Graham R, Sims A, Lu X, and Baric RS. 2004. Cleavage between replicase proteins p28 and p65 of mouse hepatitis virus is not required for virus replication. J. Virol. 78(11):5957-65. PMCID: PMC415798
76. 76. Harrington, P., Vinje J, Moe C, and Baric RS. 2004. Norovirus capture with histo-blood group antigens reveals novel virus-ligand interactions. J. Virol. 78(6):3035-3045. PMCID: PMC353760
77. 77. McRoy, W. and Baric, RS. 2004. Mechanisms of coronavirus cross species transmission. Current topics in Virology 4:185-200.
78. 78. Baric, RS and Sims AC. 2005. Development of mouse hepatitis virus and SARS-CoV infectious cDNA constructs. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 287:229-252. PMID: 15609514
79. 79. Baric, RS and Sims, AC. 2005. Humanized mice develop coronavirus respiratory disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(23):8073-4. PMCID: PMC1149438
80. 80. Brian DA, and Baric RS. 2005. Coronavirus genome structure and replication. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 287:1-30. Review. PMID: 15609507
81. 81. Graham, RL, Sims, AC, Brockway, SM., Baric, RS., and Denison, MR. 2005. The nsp2 replicase proteins of the coronavirus murine hepatitis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus are dispensable for viral replication. J. Virol. 79(21):13399-411. PMCID: PMC1262610
82. 82. Lindesmith L, Moe C, Lependu J, Frelinger JA, Treanor J, Baric RS. 2005. Cellular and humoral immunity following Snow Mountain virus challenge. J Virol. 79(5):2900-09. PMCID: PMC548455
83. 83. Johnson, RF., Feng, M, Yount, B, Baric, RS and JL. Leibowitz. 2005. The Effect of Mutations in the Mouse Hepatitis Virus 3'(+)42 Protein Binding Element on RNA Replication. J. Virol. 79(23):14570-85. PMCID: PMC1287598
84. 84. Rockx B, Baric RS, de Grijs I, Duizer E, Koopmans MP. 2005. Characterization of the homo- and heterotypic immune responses after natural norovirus infection. J Med Virol. 77(3):439-46. PMID: 16173019.
85. 85. Sims, A., Baric, RS., Yount B, Burkett SE, Collins PL and Pickles, RJ. 2005. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of human ciliated airway epithelia: role of ciliated cells in viral spread in the conducting airways of the lungs. J. Virol. 79(24):15511-24. PMCID: PMC1287598
86. 86. Sperry SM, Kazi L, Graham RL, Baric RS, Weiss SR, Denison MR. 2005. Single-amino-acid substitutions in open reading frame (ORF) 1b-nsp14 and ORF 2a proteins of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus are attenuating in mice. J. Virol. 79(6):3391-400. PMCID: PMC1075728
87. 87. Yount B, Roberts RS, Sims AC, Deming D, Frieman MB, Sparks J, Denison MR, Davis N, Baric RS. 2005. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus group-specific open reading frames encode nonessential functions for replication in cell cultures and mice. J Virol. 79(23):14909-22. PMCID: PMC1287583
88. 88. Baccaglini L, Schoenbach VJ, Poole C, McKaig RG, Ibrahim J, Baric RS, Wiesen C. 2006. Association between herpes simplex virus type 1 and Helicobacter pylori in US adolescents. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 101(1):63-69. PMID: 16360609.
89. 89. Baric R.S., Sheahan T, Deming D, Donaldson E, Yount B, Sims AC, Roberts RS, Frieman M, Rockx B. 2006. SARS coronavirus vaccine development. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:553-60. PMID: 17037597
90. 90. Roberts RS, Yount BL, Sims AC, Baker S, and Baric RS. 2006. Renilla luciferase as a reporter to assess SARS-CoV mRNA transcription regulation and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV agents. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:597-600. PMID: 17037604
91. 91. Sheahan T, Deming D, Donaldson E, Pickles R, and Baric R. 2006. Resurrection of an "extinct" SARS-CoV isolate GD03 from late 2003. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:547-50. PMID: 17037596
92. 92. Sims AC, Yount B, Burkett SE, Baric RS, and Pickles RJ. 2006. SARS CoV replication and pathogenesis in human airway epithelial cultures. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:535-8. PMID: 17037593
93. 93. McRoy WC and Baric RS. 2006. Spike gene determinants of mouse hepatitis virus host range expansion. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:301-4.PMID: 17037548
94. 94. Frieman MB, Yount B, Sims AC, Deming DJ, Morrison TE, Sparks J, Denison M, Heise M, Baric RS. 2006. SARS coronavirus accessory ORFs encode luxury functions. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:149-52. PMID: 17037522.
95. 95. Deming DJ, Graham RL, Denison MR, and Baric RS. 2006. MHV-A59 ORF1a replicase protein nsp7-nsp10 processing in replication. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:101-4. PMID: 17037513
96. 96. Graham RL, Sims AC, Baric RS, and Denison MR. 2006. The nsp2 proteins of mouse hepatitis virus and SARS coronavirus are dispensable for viral replication. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:67-72. PMID: 17037506
97. 97. Donaldson EF, Sims AC, Deming DJ, and Baric RS. 2006. Mutational analysis of MHV-A59 replicase protein-nsp10. Adv Exp Med Biol. 581:61-6. PMID: 17037505
98. 98. Yount B, Roberts RS, Lindesmith L, and Baric RS. 2006. Rewiring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transcription circuit: Engineering a recombination-resistant genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. August 15; 103(33): 12546–12551. PMCID: PMC1531645
99. 99. Lawler JV, Endy TP, Hensley LE, Garrison A, Fritz EA, Lesar M, Baric RS, Kulesh DA, Norwood DA, Wasieloski LP, Ulrich MP, Slezak TR, Vitalis E, Huggins JW, Jahrling PB, Paragas J. 2006. Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome. PLoS Med. 3(5):e149. Epub 2006 Apr 18. PMCID: PMC1435788
100. 100. Lobue AD, Lindesmith L, Yount B, Harrington PR, Thompson JM, Johnston RE, Moe CL, Baric RS. 2006. Multivalent norovirus vaccines induce strong mucosal and systemic blocking antibodies against multiple strains. Vaccine. 24(24):5220-34. PMID: 16650512
101. 101. Pekosz, A., Schaecher, S.R., Diamond, M.S., Fremont, D.H., Sims, A.C., Baric, R.S. 2006. Structure, expression, and intracellular localization of the SARS-CoV accessory proteins 7a and 7b.. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 581:115-20. PMID: 17037516
102. 102. Deming, D.J., Sheahan, T., Heise, M, Yount, B., Davis, N., Sims, A., Suthar, M, Harkema J. Whitmore, A., Pickles R, West, A., Donaldson, E., Curtis, K., Johnston, RE, and RS. Baric. 2006. Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants. PLoS Med 3(12)e525 PMCID: PMC1716185
103. 103. Baric RS and Sims AC. 2007. A Reverse genetics system for dsRNA viruses. Cell Host Microbe. 2007 Apr 19;1(2):90-1. PMID: 18005686
104. 104. Deming, D., Graham, R.L., Denison, M.R. and Baric, R.S. 2007. Processing of open reading frame 1a replicase proteins nsp7 to nsp10 in murine hepatitis virus strain A59 replication. J Virol. 81(19):10280-91. PMCID: PMC2045455
105. 105. Donaldson, E., Sims, AC, Graham, R.L., Denison, M.R., and Baric, R.S. 2007. Murine Hepatitis Virus Replicase Protein nsp10 Is a Critical Regulator of Viral RNA Synthesis. J. Virol 81(12):6356-68. PMCID: PMC1900072
106. 106. Donaldson, E.F., Graham, R.L., Sims, A.C., Denison, M.R. and Baric, R.S. 2007. Analysis of MHV-A59 temperature sensitive mutant TS-LA6 suggests that nsp10 plays a critical role in polyprotein processing. J. Virol. 81(13):7086-98. PMCID: PMC2045396
107. 107. Frieman, M., Yount, B., Heise, M., Kopecky-Bromberg SA, Palese, P., and Baric, R.S. 2007. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STATR1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane. J. Virol. 81(18):9812-24. PMCID: PMC2045396
108. 108. Kopecky-Bromberg, S.A., Martínez-Sobrido, L., Frieman, M., Ralph S. Baric and Palese,P. 2007. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists J. Virol. 81(2):548-557. PMCID: PMC1797484
109. 109. Roberts, AJ, Deming, D., Paddock, C.D., Cheng, A., Yount B, Vogel, L., Herman, B.D., Sheahan T, Heise M, Genrich, G., Zaki, S.R., Baric R and Subbarao, K. 2007. A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice. Plos Pathogen 3(1):e5. PMCID: PMC1769406
110. 110. Rockx, B., Sheahan, T., Donaldson, E., Harkema, J., Sims, A., Heise, M., Pickles, R., Cameron, M., Kelvin, D., and Baric, R.S. 2007. Synthetic Reconstruction of Zoonotic and Early Human SARS-CoV Isolates that produce Fatal Disease in Aged Mice. J. Virol. 81(14):7410-23. PMCID: PMC1933338
111. 111. Sheahan, T., Rockx, B., Donaldson, E., Sims, A., Pickles, R., and Baric, R.S. 2007. Mechanisms of zoonotic SARS-CoV host range expansion in human airway epithelium. J. Virol. 82(5):2274-85. PMCID: PMC2258931
112. 112. von Brunn, A., Teepe, C., Simpson, J.C., Pepperkok, R., Friedel, C.C., Zimmer, R., Roberts, R., Baric, R., and Haas, J. 2007. Analysis of Intraviral Protein-Protein Interactions of the SARS Coronavirus ORFeome. Plos One 2(5):e459. PMCID: PMC1868897
113. 113. Wathelet, M.G., Orr, M., Frieman M.B. and Baric, R.S. 2007. SARS coronavirus evades antiviral signaling: role of nsp1 and the rational design of an attenuated strain. J. Virol. 81(21):11620-33. PMCID: PMC2168762
114. 114. Zhu, Z., Chakraborti, S., He, Y., Roberts, A., Sheahan, T., Xiao, X., Hensley, L., Prabakaran, Sidorov, I.A., Corti, D., Vogel, L., Feng, Y., J-O. Kim, L-F. Wang, R.S. Baric, A. Lanzavecchia, K.M. Curtis, G.J. Nabel, K. Subbarao, S. Jiang, and D.S. Dimitrov. 2007. Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies. Pro Natl Acad Sci USA 104(29):12123-12128. PMCID: PMC1924550
115. 115. R Baric. 2008. SARS-CoV: Lessons for global health. Virus Res. April; 133(1): 1–3. PMCID: PMC2633111
116. 116. Becker, M.M., Graham, R.L., Donaldson, E.F., Rockx, B., Sims, A.C., Sheahan, T., Pickles, R., Corti, D., Johnston, R.E., Baric, R.S. and Denison, M.R. 2008. A synthetic recombinant bat SARS-like coronavirus is infectious in cultured cells and in mice. Pro Natl Acad Sci USA 105:19944-49. PMCID: PMC2588415
117. 117. Chachu, K.A, Strong, D.W., LoBue, A.D., Wobus, C.E., Baric, R.S. and Virgin, H.W. 2008. Antibody is critical for the clearance of MNV infection. J. Virol. 82(13):6610-17. PMCID: PMC2447077
118. 118. Chachu, K.A., LoBue, A.D., Strong, D.W., Baric, R.S. and Virgin, H.W. 2008. Vaccination against mucosal and lymphatic norovirus infection. PLoS Pathogen 4(12):e1000236. PMCID: PMC2587711
119. 119. Donaldson EF, Lindesmith LC, Lobue AD, Baric RS. 2008. Norovirus pathogenesis: mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in human populations. Immunol Rev. 225:190-211. Review. PMID: 18837783
120. 120. Donaldson EF, Sims AC, Baric RS. 2008. Systematic assembly and genetic manipulation of the mouse hepatitis virus A59 genome. Methods Mol Biol. 454:293-315. PMID: 19057869
121. 121. Donaldson EF, Yount B, Sims AC, Burkett S, Pickles RJ, Baric RS. 2008. Systematic assembly of a full-length infectious clone of human coronavirus NL63. J Virol. 82(23):11948-57. PMCID: PMC2583659
122. 122. Enjuanes, L., DeDiego, M.L., Álvarez, E., Deming, D., Sheahan, T, and Baric, R.S. 2008. Vaccines to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced disease. Virus Res 133(1):45-62. PMCID: PMC2633062
123. 123. Frieman, M., Heise, M. and Baric, R.S. 2008. SARS coronavirus and innate immunity. Virus Res. 133(1):101-12. PMCID: PMC2292640
124. 124. Frieman, M.R. and Baric, R.S. 2008. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV Pathogenesis and Innate Immunomodulation. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 72(4):672-85. Review. PMCID: PMC2593566
125. 125. Lamirande EW, DeDiego ML, Roberts A, Jackson JP, Alvarez E, Sheahan T, Shieh WJ, Zaki SR, Baric R, Enjuanes L, Subbarao K. 2008. A live attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is immunogenic and efficacious in golden Syrian hamsters. J Virol. 82(15):7721-24. PMCID: PMC2493341
126. 126. Lindesmith, L., Donaldson, E., Lobue, A., Cannon, J., Vinje, J., and Baric, RS. 2008. Mechanisms of GII.4 Norovirus Persistence in Human Populations. PLOS Medicine Feb 12;5(2):e31. PMCID: PMC2235898
127. 127. McRoy, W. and Baric, R.S. 2008. Amino acid substitutions in the s2 subunit of mouse hepatitis virus variant v51 encode determinants of host range expansion. J. Virol. 82(3):1414-24. PMCID: PMC2224421
128. 128. Pacciarini, F., Ghezzi, S., Canducci, F., Sims, A., Sampaolo, M., Ferioli, E., Clementi, M., Poli, G., Conaldi, P-G., Baric, R.S., and Vicenzi, E. 2008. Persistent Replication of SARS-CoV in Human Tubular Kidney Cells Selects for Adaptive Mutations in the Membrane Protein. J. Virol. 82(11):5137-44. PMCID: PMC2395189
129. 129. Roberts A, Lamirande EW, Vogel L, Jackson JP, Paddock CD, Guarner J, Zaki SR, Sheahan T, Baric R, Subbarao K. 2008. Animal models and vaccines for SARS-CoV infection. Virus Res. 133(1):20-32. PMCID: PMC2323511
130. 130. Rockx, B., Corti, D., Donaldson, E., Sheahan T., Stadler K., Lanzavecchia A., and Baric, R.S. 2008. Structural Basis for Potent Cross-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protection Against Lethal Human and Zoonotic SARS-CoV Challenge. J. Virol. 82(7):3220-35. PMCID: PMC2268459
131. 131. Sheahan T, Rockx B, Donaldson E, Corti D, Baric R. 2008. Pathways of cross species transmission of synthetically reconstructed zoonotic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol 82(17):8721-32. PMCID: PMC2519660
132. 132. Sheahan, T., Morris, T., Whitmore, A., Baric, R.S. and Heise, M. 2008. MyD88 is required for protection from lethal infection with a mouse adapted SARS-CoV. PLoS Pathogens 4(12):e1000240. PMCID: PMC2587915
133. 133. Sparks JS, Donaldson EF, Lu X, Baric RS, Denison MR. 2008. A novel mutation in murine hepatitis virus nsp5, the viral 3C-like proteinase, causes ts defects in viral growth and protein processing. J Virol. 82(12):5999-6008. PMCID: PMC2395152
134. 134. Teunis PF., Moe CL., Liu P., Miller SE., Lindesmith L., Baric RS., Le Pendu J., and Calderon RL. 2008. Norwalk virus: How infectious is it? J. Med Virol. 80(8):1468-76. PMID: 18551613
135. 135. Basu D, Walkiewicz MP, Frieman M, Baric RS, Auble DT, Engel DA. 2009. Novel influenza NS1 antagonists block replication and restore innate immune function. J Virol. 83(4):1881-91. PMCID: PMC2643796
136. 136. Cannon JL, Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Saxe L, Baric RS, Vinjé J. 2009. Herd immunity to GII.4 noroviruses is supported by outbreak patient sera. J Virol. 83:5363-74. PMCID: PMC2681945
137. 137. Day CW, Baric R, Cai SX, Frieman M, Kumaki Y, Morrey JD, Smee DF, Barnard DL. 2009. A new mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV as a lethal model for evaluating antiviral agents in vitro and in vivo. Virology. Dec 20;395(2):210-22. PMCID: PMC2787736
138. 138. Frieman, M, Ratia, K., Johnston, RE., Mesecar, AD., Baric, RS. 2009. SARS-CoV papain-like protease ubiquitin-like and catalytic domain antagonize IRF3 and NFκB signaling. J. Virol. 83:6689-705. PMCID: PCM2851658
139. 139. Liao HI, Olson CA, Hwang S, Deng H, Wong E, Baric RS, Roberts RW, Sun R. 2009. mRNA display design of fibronectin-based intrabodies that detect and inhibit sars-cov N protein. J. Biol. Chem. 284(26):17512-20. PMCID: PMC2719390
140. 140. LoBue AD, Thompson JM, Lindesmith L, Johnston RE, Baric RS. 2009. Alphavirus-adjuvanted norovirus-like particle vaccines: heterologous, humoral, and mucosal immune responses protect against murine norovirus challenge. J Virol. 83(7):3212-27. PMCID: PMC2655567
141. 141. Miknis ZJ, Donaldson EF, Umland TC, Rimmer RA, Baric RS, Schultz , LW. 2009. SARS-CoV nsp9 dimerization is essential for efficient viral growth. J Virol. 83(7):3007-18. PMCID: PMC2655571
142. 142. Rockx B, Baas T, Zornetzer GA, Haagmans B, Sheahan T, Frieman M, Dyer MD, Teal TH, Proll S, van den Brand J, Baric R, Katze MG. 2009. Early upregulation of acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated cytokines promotes lethal disease in an aged-mouse model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. J. Virol. 83(14):7062-74. PMCID: PMC2704758
143. 143. Chang CM, Schroeder JC, Huang WY, Dunphy CH, Baric RS, Olshan AF, Dorsey KC, Dent GA, Cerhan JR, Lynch CF, Rothman N, Cantor KP, Blair A. 2010. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes defined by common translocations: utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in a case-control study. Leuk Res. Feb;34(2):190-5. PMCID: PMC2815151
144. 144. Chang CM, Schroeder JC, Olshan AF, Dunphy CH, Huang WY, Baric RS, Conway K, Cerhan JR, Lynch CF, Rothman N, Cantor KP, Blair A. 2010. A case-control study of tobacco use and other non-occupational risk factors for lymphoma subtypes defined by t(14; 18) translocations and bcl-2 expression. Cancer Causes Control. Jul;21(7):1147-54. PMID: 20232134
145. 145. Donaldson, E.F., Lindesmith, L., LoBue, A.D. and Baric, R.S. 2010. Viral shape-shifting; norovirus evasion of the human immune system. Nat Rev Microbiol. Mar;8(3):231-41. PMID: 20125087
146. 146. Eckerle LD, Becker MM, Halpin RA, Li K, Venter E, Lu X, Scherbakova S, Graham RL, Baric RS, Stockwell TB, Spiro DJ, Denison MR. 2010. Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-exonuclease mutant virus replication is revealed by complete genome sequencing. PLoS Pathog. 2010 May 6(5):e1000896. PMCID: PMC2865531
147. 147. Freundt EC, Yu L, Goldsmith CS, Welsh S, Cheng A, Yount B, Liu W, Frieman MB, Buchholz UJ, Screaton GR, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Zaki SR, Xu XN, Baric RS, Subbarao K, Lenardo MJ. 2010. The open reading frame 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus promotes membrane rearrangement and cell death. J Virol. Jan;84(2):1097-109. PMCID: PMC2798367
148. 148. Frieman MB, Chen J, Morrison TE, Whitmore A, Funkhouser W, Ward JM, Lamirande EW, Roberts A, Heise M, Subbarao K, Baric RS. 2010. SARS-CoV pathogenesis is regulated by a STAT1 dependent but a type I, II and III interferon receptor independent mechanism. PLoS Pathog. Apr 8;6(4):e1000849. PMCID: PCM2851658
149. 149. Graham RL, Baric RS. 2010. Recombination, Reservoirs, and the Modular Spike: Mechanisms of Coronavirus Cross-Species Transmission. J Virol. Apr; 84(7):3134-46. PMCID: PMC2838128
150. 150. Lindesmith LC, Donaldson E, Leon J, Moe CL, Frelinger JA, Johnston RE, Weber DJ, Baric RS. 2010. Heterotypic humoral and cellular immune responses following Norwalk virus infection. J Virol. Feb; 84(4):1800-15. PMCID: PMC2812379
151. 151. Rockx B, Donaldson E, Frieman M, Sheahan T, Corti D, Lanzavecchia A, Baric RS. 2010. Escape from human monoclonal antibody neutralization affects in vitro and in vivo fitness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Infect Dis. Mar 15;201(6):946-55. PMCID: PMC2826557
152. 152. Wahala WM, Donaldson EF, de Alwis R, Accavitti-Loper MA, Baric RS, de Silva AM. 2010. Natural strain variation and antibody neutralization of dengue serotype 3 viruses. PLoS Pathog. Mar; 6(3):e1000821. PMCID: PMC2841629
153. 153. Xinxia Peng, Lisa Gralinski, Christopher D. Armour, Martin T. Ferris, Matthew J. Thomas, Sean Proll, Birgit G. Bradel-Tretheway, Marcus J. Korth, John C. Castle, Matthew C. Biery, Heather K. Bouzek, David R. Haynor, Matthew B. Frieman, Mark Heise, Christopher K. Raymond, Ralph S. Baric, and Michael G. Katze. 2010. Unique Signatures of Long Noncoding RNA Expression in Response to Virus Infection and Altered Innate Immune Signaling. mBio. Nov–Dec; 1(5): e00206-10. PMCID: PMC2962437
154. 154. Tian P, Yang D, Jiang X, Zhong W, Cannon JL, Burkhardt Iii W, Woods JW, Hartman G, Lindesmith L, Baric RS, Mandrell R. 2010. Specificity and kinetics of norovirus binding to magnetic bead-conjugated histo-blood group antigens. J Appl Microbiol. Nov;109(5):1753-1762. PMID: 21040268
155. 155. Zornetzer GA, Frieman MB, Rosenzweig E, Korth MJ, Page C, Baric RS, Katze MG. 2010. Transcriptomic analysis reveals a mechanism for a prefibrotic phenotype in STAT1 knockout mice during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. J Virol. 2010 Nov;84(21):11297-309. Epub 2010 Aug 11. PMID: 20702617 [PubMed - in process]
156. 156. LoBue AD, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS. 2010. Identification of cross-reactive norovirus CD4+ T cell epitopes. J Virol. 2010 Sep;84(17):8530-8. Epub 2010 Jun 23. PMID: 20573810 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
157. 157. te Velthuis AJ, van den Worm SH, Sims AC, Baric RS, Snijder EJ, van Hemert MJ. 2010. Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. PLoS Pathog. 2010 Nov 4;6(11):e1001176. PMID: 21079686 PMCID: PMC2973827
158. 158. Pyrc K, Sims AC, Dijkman R, Jebbink M, Long C, Deming D, Donaldson E, Vabret A, Baric R, van der Hoek L, Pickles R. 2010. Culturing the unculturable: human coronavirus HKU1 infects, replicates, and produces progeny virions in human ciliated airway epithelial cell cultures. J Virol. Nov;84(21):11255-63. PMCID: PMC2953148.
159. 158. Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. 2011. Norovirus GII.4 strain antigenic variation. J Virol. 2011 Jan;85(1):231-42. Epub 2010 Oct 27. PMID: 20980508 PMCID: PMC3014165
160. 159. Sheahan T, Whitmore A, Long K, Ferris M, Rockx B, Funkhouser W, Donaldson E, Gralinski L, Collier M, Heise M, Davis N, Johnston R, Baric RS. 2011. Successful vaccination strategies that protect aged mice from lethal challenge from influenza virus and heterologous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol. 2011 Jan;85(1):217-30. Epub 2010 Oct 27. PMID: 20980507 PMCID: PMC3014161
161. 160. Aylor DL, Valdar W, Foulds-Mathes W, Buus RJ, Verdugo RA, Baric RS, Ferris MT, Frelinger JA, Heise M, Frieman MB, Gralinski LE, Bell TA, Didion JD, Hua K, Nehrenberg DL, Powell CL, Steigerwalt J, Xie Y, Kelada SN, Collins FS, Yang IV, Schwartz DA, Branstetter LA, Chesler EJ, Miller DR, Spence J, Liu EY, McMillan L, Sarkar A, Wang J, Wang W, Zhang Q, Broman KW, Korstanje R, Durrant C, Mott R, Iraqi FA, Pomp D, Threadgill D, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F, Churchill GA. 2011. Genetic analysis of complex traits in the emerging collaborative cross. Genome Res. Aug;21(8):1213-22. PMCID: PMC3149489
162. 161. Denison MR, Graham RL, Donaldson EF, Eckerle LD, Baric RS. 2011. Coronaviruses: An RNA proofreading machine regulates replication fidelity and diversity. RNA Biol. 2011 Mar 1;8(2):270-9. PMCID: PMC3127101
163. 162. Rockx B, Feldmann F, Brining D, Gardner D, Lacasse R, Kercher L, Long D, Rosenke R, Virtaneva K, Sturdevant DE, Porcella SF, Mattoon J, Parnell M, Baric RS, Feldmann H. 2011. Comparative Pathogenesis of Three Human and Zoonotic SARS-CoV Strains in Cynomolgus Macaques. PLoS One. 2011 Apr 20;6(4):e18558. PMID: 21533129 PMCID: PMC3080360
164. 163. Seitz SR, Leon JS, Schwab KJ, Lyon GM, Dowd M, McDaniels M, Abdulhafid G, Fernandez ML, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS, Moe CL. 2011. Norovirus Infectivity in Humans and Persistence in Water. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct;77(19):6884-6888. PMCID: PMC3187119
165. 164. Matzke MM, Waters KM, Metz TO, Jacobs JM, Sims AC, Baric RS, Pounds JG, Webb-Robertson BJ. 2011. Improved quality control processing of peptide-centric LC-MS proteomics data. Bioinformatics. 2011 Oct 15;27(20):2866-72. PMCID: PMC3187650
166. 165. Takanashi S, Wang Q, Chen N, Shen Q, Jung K, Zhang Z, Yokoyama M, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS, Saif LJ. 2011. Characterization of Emerging GII.g/GII.12 Noroviruses from a Gastroenteritis Outbreak in the United States in 2010. J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Sep;49(9):3234-44. PMCID: PMC3165588
167. 166. de Alwis R, Beltramello M, Messer WB, Sukupolvi-Petty S, Wahala WM, Kraus A, Olivarez NP, Pham Q, Brian J, Tsai WY, Wang WK, Halstead S, Kliks S, Diamond MS, Baric R, Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F, de Silva AM. 2011. In-depth analysis of the antibody response of individuals exposed to primary dengue virus infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun;5(6):e1188. Epub Jun 21. PMCID: PMC3119640
168. 167. Frieman M, Basu D, Matthews K, Taylor J, Jones G, Pickles R, Baric R, Engel DA. 2011. Yeast based small molecule screen for inhibitors of SARS-CoV. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28479. Epub 2011 Dec 2. PMCID: PMC3229576
169. 168. Peng X, Gralinski L, Ferris MT, Frieman MB, Thomas MJ, Proll S, Korth MJ, Tisoncik JR, Heise M, Luo S, Schroth GP, Tumpey TM, Li C, Kawaoka Y, Baric RS, Katze MG. 2011. Integrative Deep Sequencing of the Mouse Lung Transcriptome Reveals Differential Expression of Diverse Classes of Small RNAs in Response to Respiratory Virus Infection. MBio. Nov 15;2(6). pii: e00198-11. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00198-11. PMCID: PMC3221602
170. 169. Bolles M, Deming D, Long K, Agnihothram S, Whitmore A, Ferris M, Funkhouser W, Gralinski L, Totura A, Heise M, Baric RS. 2011. A Double-Inactivated Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Vaccine Provides Incomplete Protection in Mice and Induces Increased Eosinophilic Proinflammatory Pulmonary Response upon Challenge. J Virol. 2011 Dec;85(23):12201-15. PMCID: PMC3209347
171. 170. Bolles M, Donaldson E, Baric R. 2011. SARS-CoV and Emergent Coronaviruses: Viral Determinants of Interspecies Transmission. Curr Opin Virol. 2011 Dec 1;1(6):624-634.
172. 171. Lindesmith LC, Debbink K, Swanstrom J, Vinjé J, Costantini V, Baric RS, Donaldson EF. 2012. Monoclonal Antibody Based Antigenic Mapping of Norovirus GII.4-2002. J Virol. Jan;86(2):873-83 Nov 16. Epub PMCID: PMC3255811
173. 172. Debbink K, Donaldson EF, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS. 2012. Genetic Mapping of a Highly Variable Norovirus GII.4 Blockade Epitope: Potential Role in Contribution in Escape from Human Herd Immunity. J. Virol. Jan;86(2):1214-26. Epub 2011 Nov 16 PMCID: PMC3255819
174. 173. Messer WB, Yount B, Hacker KE, Donaldson EF, Huynh JP, de Silva AM, Baric RS. 2012. Development and characterization of a reverse genetic system for studying dengue virus serotype 3 strain variation and neutralization. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Feb;6(2):e1486. Epub 2012 Feb 28. PMCID: PMC3289595.
175. 174. Frieman M, Yount B, Agnihothram S, Page C, Donaldson E, Roberts A, Vogel L, Smock B, Scorpio D, Subbarao K, Baric RS. 2012. Molecular Determinants of SARS Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Virulence in Young and Aged Mouse Models of Human Disease. J Virol. Jan;86(2):884-97. Epub 2011 Nov 9. PMCID: PMC3255850
176. 175. Bottomly D, Ferris MT, Aicher LD, Rosenzweig E, Whitmore A, Aylor DL, Haagmans BL, Gralinski LE, Bradel-Tretheway BG, Bryan JT, Threadgill DW, de Villena FP, Baric RS, Katze MG, Heise M, McWeeney SK. 2012. Expression quantitative trait Loci for extreme host response to influenza a in pre-collaborative cross mice. G3 (Bethesda). Feb;2(2):213-21. Epub 2012 Feb 1. PMCID: PMC3284329
177. 176. Collaborative Cross Consortium. 2012. The genome architecture of the Collaborative Cross mouse genetic reference population. Genetics. Feb;190(2):389-401. PMCID: PMC3276630
178. 177. Varshney B, Agnihotram S, Tan YJ, Baric R, Lal SK. 2012. SARS coronavirus 3b accessory protein modulates transcriptional activity of RUNX1b. PLoS One.;7(1):e29542. Epub 2012 Jan 12. PMCID: PMC3257236
179. 178. de Alwis R, Smith SA, Olivarez NP, Messer WB, Huynh JP, Wahala WM, White LJ, Diamond MS, Baric RS, Crowe JE Jr, de Silva AM. 2012. Identification of human neutralizing antibodies that bind to complex epitopes on dengue virions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Apr 12. [Epub ahead of print]
180. 179. Gibbs, DL, Baratt, A, Baric, R., Kawaoka, Y, Smith, RD, Orwoll, E, Katze, M, McWeeney, S. 2011. Protein Co-Expression Network Analysis (ProCoNA). In Press.
181. 180. Lindesmith LC, Beltramello M, Donaldson EF, Corti D, Swanstrom J, Debbink K, Lanzavecchia A, Baric RS. 2012. Immunogenetic Mechanisms Driving Norovirus GII.4 Antigenic Variation. PLoS Pathog. May;8(5):e1002705. Epub 2012 May 17. PMCID: PMC3355092
182. 181. Totura AL, Baric RS. 2012. SARS coronavirus pathogenesis: host innate immune responses and viral antagonism of interferon. Curr Opin Virol. Jun;2(3):264-75. Epub 2012 May 7.
183. 182. Rani M, Bolles M, Donaldson EF, Van Blarcom T, Baric R, Iverson B, Georgiou G. 2012. Increased Antibody Affinity Confers Broad In Vitro Protection Against Escape Mutants of SARS-CoV. J Virol. Sep;86(17):9113-21. PMCID: PMC3416138
184. 183. Graham RL, Becker MM, Eckerle LD, Bolles M, Denison MR, Baric RS. 2012. A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease. Nat Med. Dec 6;18(12):1820-6. doi: 10.1038/nm.2972. PMCID: PMC3518599
185. 184. Debbink K, Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. 2012. Norovirus immunity and the great escape. PLoS Pathog. Oct;8(10):e1002921. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002921. Epub 2012 Oct 18. PMCID: PMC3475665
186. 185. Anderson LJ, Baric RS. 2012. Emerging human coronaviruses--disease potential and preparedness. N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 8;367(19):1850-2. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1212300. Epub 2012 Oct 17.
187. 186. Huynh J, Li S, Yount B, Smith A, Sturges L, Olsen JC, Nagel J, Johnson JB, Agnihothram S, Gates JE, Frieman MB, Baric RS, Donaldson EF. 2012. Evidence Supporting a Zoonotic Origin of Human Coronavirus Strain NL63. J Virol. Dec;86(23):12816-25. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00906-12. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMCID: PMC3497669
188. 187. Lindesmith LC, Costantini V, Swanstrom J, Debbink K, Donaldson EF, Vinjé J, Baric RS. 2012. Emergence of a Norovirus GII.4 Strain Correlates with Changes in Evolving Blockade Epitopes. J Virol. Mar;87(5):2803-13PMCID: PMC3571402
189. 188. Ishimaru D, Plant EP, Sims AC, Yount BL Jr, Roth BM, Eldho NV, Pérez-Alvarado GC, Armbruster DW, Baric RS, Dinman JD, Taylor DR, Hennig M. 2012. RNA dimerization plays a role in ribosomal frameshifting of the SARS coronavirus. Nucleic Acids Res. Feb 1;41(4):2594-2608. PMCID: PMC3575852
190. 189. Sims AC, Tilton SC, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Schäfer A, Matzke MM, Webb-Robertson BJ, Chang J, Luna ML, Long CE, Shukla AK, Bankhead AR 3rd, Burkett SE, Zornetzer G, Tseng CT, Metz TO, Pickles R, McWeeney S, Smith RD, Katze MG, Waters KM, Baric RS. 2013. Release of SARS-CoV Nuclear Import Block Enhances Host Transcription in Human Lung Cells. J Virol. Apr;87(7):3885-902PMCID: PMC3624188
191. 190. Plant EP, Sims AC, Baric RS, Dinman JD, Taylor DR. 2013. Altering SARS Coronavirus Frameshift Efficiency Affects Genomic and Subgenomic RNA Production. Viruses. Jan 18;5(1):279-94. PMCID: PMC3564121
192. 191. Zhou Y, Austin SK, Fremont DH, Yount BL, Huynh JP, de Silva AM, Baric RS, Messer WB. 2013. The mechanism of differential neutralization of dengue serotype 3 strains by monoclonal antibody 8A1. Virology. Apr 25;439(1):57-64 PMCID: PMC3608513
193. 192. Ferris MT, Aylor DL, Bottomly D, Whitmore AC, Aicher LD, Bell TA, Bradel-Tretheway B, Bryan JT, Buus RJ, Gralinski LE, Haagmans BL, McMillan L, Miller DR, Rosenzweig E, Valdar W, Wang J, Churchill GA, Threadgill DW, McWeeney SK, Katze MG, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F, Baric RS, Heise MT. 2013. Modeling host genetic regulation of influenza pathogenesis in the collaborative cross. PLoS Pathog. Feb;9(2):e1003196. PMCID: PMC3585141
194. 193. Josset L, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Agnihothram S, Sova P, Carter VS, Yount BL, Graham RL, Baric RS, Katze MG. 2013. Cell Host Response to Infection with Novel Human Coronavirus EMC Predicts Potential Antivirals and Important Differences with SARS Coronavirus. MBio. Apr 30;4(3). doi:pii: e00165-13. 10.1128/mBio.00165-13. PMCID: PMC3663187
195. 194. Chan RW, Chan MC, Agnihothram S, Chan LL, Kuok DI, Fong JH, Guan Y, Poon LL, Baric RS, Nicholls JM, Peiris JS. 2013. Tropism and innate immune responses of the novel human betacoronavirus lineage C virus in human ex vivo respiratory organ cultures. J Virol. Jun;87(12):6604-14. PMCID: PMC3676115
196. 195. Bankhead A 3rd, Mancini E, Sims AC, Baric RS, McWeeney S, Sloot PM. 2013. A Simulation Framework to Investigate in vitro Viral Infection Dynamics. J Comput Sci. 2013 May 1;4(3):127-134. PMCID: PMC3652481
197. 196. de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric RS, Brown CS, Drosten C, Enjuanes L, Fouchier RA, Galiano M, Gorbalenya AE, Memish Z, Perlman S, Poon LL, Snijder EJ, Stephens GM, Woo PC, Zaki AM, Zambon M, Ziebuhr J. 2013. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV); Announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group. J Virol. Jul;87(14):7790-2. PMCID: PMC3700179
198. 197. Gibbs DL, Baratt A, Baric RS, Kawaoka Y, Smith RD, Orwoll ES, Katze MG, McWeeney SK. 2013. Protein co-expression network analysis (ProCoNA). J Clin Bioinforma. 2013 Jun 1;3(1):11. doi: 10.1186/2043-9113-3-11. PMCID: PMC3695838.
199. 198. Mitchell HD, Eisfeld AJ, Sims AC, McDermott JE, Matzke MM, Webb-Robertson BJ, Tilton SC, Tchitchek N, Josset L, Li C, Ellis AL, Chang JH, Heegel RA, Luna ML, Schepmoes AA, Shukla AK, Metz TO, Neumann G, Benecke AG, Smith RD, Baric RS, Kawaoka Y, Katze MG, Waters KM. 2013. A Network Integration Approach to Predict Conserved Regulators Related to Pathogenicity of Influenza and SARS-CoV Respiratory Viruses. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 25;8(7):e69374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069374 PMCID: PMC3723910
200. 199. Gralinski LE, Bankhead A 3rd, Jeng S, Menachery VD, Proll S, Belisle SE, Matzke M, Webb-Robertson BJ, Luna ML, Shukla AK, Ferris MT, Bolles M, Chang J, Aicher L, Waters KM, Smith RD, Metz TO, Law GL, Katze MG, McWeeney S, Baric RS. 2013. Mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced acute lung injury. MBio. 2013 Aug 6;4(4). doi:pii: e00271-13. 10.1128/mBio.00271-13. PMCID: PMC3747576
201. 200. Debbink K, Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Costantini V, Beltramello M, Corti D, Swanstrom J, Lanzavecchia A, Vinjé J, Baric RS. 2013. Emergence of New Pandemic GII.4 Sydney Norovirus Strain Correlates with Escape from Herd Immunity. J Infect Dis. Dec 1;208(11):1877-87 PMCID: PMC3814837
202. 201. Chen Y, Rajashankar KR, Yang Y, Agnihothram SS, Liu C, Lin YL, Baric RS, Li F. 2013. Crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain from newly emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol. Oct;87(19):10777-83. PMCID: PMC3807420
203. 202. Tchitchek N, Eisfeld AJ, Tisoncik-Go J, Josset L, Gralinski LE, Bécavin C, Tilton SC, Webb-Robertson BJ, Ferris MT, Totura AL, Li C, Neumann G, Metz TO, Smith RD, Waters KM, Baric R, Kawaoka Y, Katze MG. 2013. Specific mutations in H5N1 mainly impact the magnitude and velocity of the host response in mice. BMC Syst Biol. 2013 Jul 29;7(1):69. PMCID: PMC3750405
204. 203. Menachery VD, Baric RS. 2013. Bugs in the system. Immunol Rev. 2013 Sep;255(1):256-74.
205. 204. Scobey T, Yount BL, Sims AC, Donaldson EF, Agnihothram SS, Menachery VD, Graham RL, Swanstrom J, Bove PF, Kim JD, Grego S, Randell SH, Baric RS. 2013. Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Oct 1;110(40):16157-62. PMCID: PMC3791741
206. 205. Graham RL, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. 2013. A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. Dec;11(12):836-48
207. 206. Menachery VD, Yount BL, Josset L, Gralinski LE, Scobey T, Agnihothram S, Katze MG, Baric RS. 2014. Attenuation and Restoration of SARS-CoV Mutant lacking 2' O Methyltransferase Activity. J Virol. 2014 Apr;88(8):4251-64. PMCID: PMC3993736
208. 207. Gibbs DL, Gralinski L, Baric RS, McWeeney SK. 2014. Multi-omic network signatures of disease. Front Genet. Jan 7;4:309. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00309. PMCID:PMC3882664
209. 208. Messer WB, de Alwis R, Yount BL, Royal SR, Huynh JP, Smith SA, Crowe JE Jr, Doranz BJ, Kahle KM, Pfaff JM, White LJ, Sariol CA, de Silva AM, Baric RS. 2014. Dengue virus envelope protein domain I/II hinge determines long-lived serotype-specific dengue immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Feb 4;111(5):1939-44 PMCID: PMC3918811
210. 209. Swanstrom J, Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Yount B, Baric RS. 2014. Characterization of Blockade Antibody Responses in GII.2.1976 SMV Infected Subjects. J Virol. Jan;88(2):829-37. PMCID: PMC3911673
211. 210. Agnihothram S, Gopal R, Yount BL Jr, Donaldson EF, Menachery VD, Graham RL, Scobey TD, Gralinski LE, Denison MR, Zambon M, Baric RS. 2014. Evaluation of Serologic and Antigenic Relationships Between Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Other Coronaviruses to Develop Vaccine Platforms for the Rapid Response to Emerging Coronaviruses. J Infect Dis. Apr 1;209(7):995-1006. PMCID: PMC3952667.
212. 211. Cockrell AS, Peck KM, Yount BL, Agnihothram SS, Scobey T, Curnes NR, Baric RS, Heise MT. 2014. Mouse dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is not a functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. J Virol. May;88(9):5195-9. PMCID: PMC3993820
213. 212. Debbink K, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS. 2014. The State of Norovirus Vaccines. Clin Infect Dis. Feb 27.
214. 213. Zhao J, Li K, Wohlford-Lenane C, Agnihothram SS, Fett C, Zhao J, Gale MJ Jr., Baric RS, Enjuanes L, Gallagher T, McCray PB Jr, Perlman S. 2014. Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome. 2014. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA Apr 1;111(13):4970-5 PMCID: PMC3977243
215. 214. Debbink K, Lindesmith LC, Ferris MT, Swanstrom J, Beltramello M, Corti D, Lanzavecchia A, Baric RS. 2014. Within Host Evolution Results in Antigenically Distinct GII.4 Noroviruses. J. Virol. Jul 1;88(13):7244-7255. PMCID: PMC4054459
216. 215. Agnihothram S, Yount BL Jr, Donaldson EF, Huynh J, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Graham RL, Becker MM, Tomar S, Scobey TD, Osswald HL, Whitmore A, Gopal R, Ghosh AK, Mesecar A, Zambon M, Heise M, Denison MR, Baric RS. 2014. A mouse model for Betacoronavirus subgroup 2c using a bat coronavirus strain HKU5 variant. MBio. 2014 Mar 25;5(2):e00047-14. PMCID: PMC3977350
217. 216. Tang XC, Agnihothram SS, Jiao Y, Stanhope J, Graham RL, Peterson EC, Avnir Y, Tallarico AS, Sheehan J, Zhu Q, Baric RS, Marasco WA. 2014. Identification of human neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV and their role in virus adaptive evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 May 13;111(19):E2018-26. PMCID: PMC4024880
218. 217. Debbink K, Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Swanstom J, Baric RS. 2014. Chimeric GII.4 Norovirus Virus-like Particle Based Vaccines Induce Broadly Blocking Immune Responses. J Virol. 2014 Jul 1;88(13):7256-7266. PMCID: PMC4054422
219. 218. Schäfer A, Baric RS, Ferris MT. 2014. Systems approaches to coronavirus pathogenesis. Curr Opin Virol. 2014 May 16;6C:61-69. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2014.04.007.
220. 219. Lindesmith LC, Donaldson EF, Beltramello M, Pintus S, Corti D, Swanstrom J, Debbink K, Jones TA, Lanzavecchia A, Baric RS. 2014. Particle Conformation Regulates Antibody Access to a Conserved GII.4 Norovirus Blockade Epitope. J Virol. Aug;88(16):8826-42. PMCID: PMC4136251
221. 220. Menachery VD, Eisfeld AJ, Schäfer A, Josset L, Sims AC, Proll S, Fan S, Li C, Neumann G, Tilton SC, Chang J, Gralinski LE, Long C, Green R, Williams CM, Weiss J, Matzke MM, Webb-Robertson BJ, Schepmoes AA, Shukla AK, Metz TO, Smith RD, Waters KM, Katze MG, Kawaoka Y, Baric RS. 2014. Pathogenic influenza viruses and coronaviruses utilize similar and contrasting approaches to control interferon-stimulated gene responses. MBio. 2014 May 20;5(3):e01174-14. PMCID: PMC4030454
222. 221. Xiong H, Morrison J, Ferris MT, Gralinski LE, Whitmore AC, Green R, Thomas MJ, Tisoncik-Go J, Schroth GP, Pardo-Manuel de Villena FF, Baric RS, Heise MT, Peng X, Katze MG. 2014. Genomic Profiling of Collaborative Cross Founder Mice Infected with Respiratory Viruses Reveals Novel Transcripts and Infection-Related Strain-Specific Gene and Isoform Expression. 2014 G3 (Bethesda). J 2014 Jun 5;4(8):1429-44. PMCID: PMC4132174
223. 222. Josset L, Tchitchek N, Gralinski LE, Ferris MT, Eisfeld AJ, Green RR, Thomas MJ, Tisoncik-Go J, Schroth GP, Kawaoka Y, Manuel de Villena FP, Baric RS, Heise MT, Peng X, Katze MG. 2014. Annotation of long non-coding RNAs expressed in Collaborative Cross founder mice in response to respiratory virus infection reveals a new class of interferon-stimulated transcripts. RNA Biol. Jul 1;11(7):875-90. PMCID: PMC4179962
224. 223. Vatter HA, Di H, Donaldson EF, Baric RS, Brinton MA. 2014. Each of the eight simian hemorrhagic fever virus minor structural proteins is functionally important. Virology. Aug;462-463:351-62. PMCID: PMC4128006
225. 224. Deng X, Agnihothram S, Mielech AM, Nichols DB, Wilson MW, St John S, Larsen SD, Mesecar AD, Lenschow DJ, Baric RS, Baker SC. 2014. A Chimeric Virus-Mouse Model System for Evaluating the Function and Inhibition of Papain-like Proteases of Emerging Coronaviruses. J Virol. Oct 15;88(20):11825-33. PMCID: PMC4178736
226. 225. Yang Y, Du L, Liu C, Wang L, Ma C, Tang J, Baric RS, Jiang S, Li F. 2014. Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Aug 26;111(34):12516-21. PMCID: PMC4151778.
227. 226. Sui J, Deming M, Rockx B, Liddington RC, Zhu QK, Baric RS, Marasco WA. 2014. Effects of Human Anti-Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain Antibodies on SARS-Coronavirus Neutralization Escape and Fitness. J Virol. Dec;88(23):13769-80. PMC4248992.
228. 227. Menachery VD, Debbink K, Baric RS. 2014. Coronavirus non-structural protein 16: Evasion, attenuation, and possible treatments. Virus Res. Dec 19;194:191-9. PMCID: PMC4260984
229. 228. Vega E, Donaldson E, Huynh J, Barclay L, Lopman B, Baric R, Chen LF, Vinjé J. 2014. RNA Populations in Immunocompromised Patients as Reservoirs for Novel Norovirus Variants. J Virol. Dec;88(24):14184-96PMC4249157
230. 229. Rasmussen AL, Okumura A, Ferris MT, Green R, Feldmann F, Kelly SM, Scott DP, Safronetz D, Haddock E, LaCasse R, Thomas MJ, Sova P, Carter VS, Weiss JM, Miller DR, Shaw GD, Korth MJ, Heise MT, Baric RS, de Villena FP, Feldmann H, Katze MG. 2014. Host genetic diversity enables Ebola hemorrhagic fever pathogenesis and resistance. Science. 2014 Nov 21;346(6212):987-91. PMCID: PMC4241145
231. 230. Selinger C, Tisoncik-Go J, Menachery VD, Agnihothram S, Law GL, Chang J, Kelly SM, Sova P, Baric RS, Katze MG. 2014. Cytokine systems approach demonstrates differences in innate and pro-inflammatory host responses between genetically distinct MERS-CoV isolates. BMC Genomics. Dec 22;15(1):1161
232. 231. Gralinski LE, Baric RS. 2015. Molecular Pathology of Emerging Coronavirus Infections. J Pathol. Jan;235(2):185-95. PMCID:PMC4267971
233. 232. Widman DG, Baric RS. 2015. Dengue virus envelope protein domain I/II hinge: a key target for dengue virus vaccine design? Expert Rev Vaccines. 2015 Jan;14(1):5-8. Pubmed in process
234. 233. Vatter HA, Donaldson EF, Huynh J, Rawlings S, Manoharan M, Legasse A, Planer S, Dickerson MF, Lewis AD, Colgin LM, Axthelm MK, Pecotte JK, Baric RS, Wong SW, Brinton MA. 2015. A simian hemorrhagic fever virus isolate from persistently infected baboons efficiently induces hemorrhagic fever disease in Japanese macaques. Virology. Jan 1;474:186-198. PMCID: PMC4304765
235. 234. Karst SM, Baric RS. 2015. What is the Reservoir of Emergent Human Norovirus Strains? J Virol. 2015 Mar 18. pii: JVI.03063-14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 25787285
236. 235. Lindesmith LC, Ferris MT, Mullan CW, Ferreira J, Debbink K, Swanstrom J, Richardson C, Goodwin RR, Baehner F, Mendelman PM, Bargatze RF, Baric RS. 2015. Broad blockade antibody responses in human volunteers after immunization with a multivalent norovirus VLP candidate vaccine: immunological analyses from a phase I clinical trial. PLoS Med. 2015 Mar 24;12(3):e1001807 PMCID: PMC4371888
237. 236. Peck KM, Cockrell AS, Yount BL, Scobey T, Baric RS, Heise MT. 2015. Glycosylation of Mouse DPP4 Plays a Role in Inhibiting Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection. J Virol. 2015 Apr;89(8):4696-9. PMCID: PMC4442375
238. 237. Zhang R, Li Y, Cowley TJ, Steinbrenner AD, Phillips JM, Yount BL, Baric RS, Weiss SR. 2015. The nsp1, nsp13, and M Proteins Contribute to the Hepatotropism of Murine Coronavirus JHM.WU. J Virol. 2015 Apr 1;89(7):3598-609. PMCID: PMC4403414
239. 238. Huang X, Dong W, Milewska A, Golda A, Qi Y, Zhu QK, Marasco WA, Baric RS, Sims AC, Pyrc K, Li W, Sui J. 2015. HCoV-HKU1 Spike protein uses O-acetylated sialic acid as an attachment receptor determinant and employs HE protein as a receptor-destroying enzyme. J Virol. 2015 Jul;89(14):7202-13. PMCID: PMC4473545.
240. 239. Totura AL, Whitmore A, Agnihothram S, Schäfer A, Katze MG, Heise MT, Baric RS. 2015. Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling via TRIF Contributes to a Protective Innate Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection. MBio. 2015 May 26;6(3):e00638-15. PMCID: PMC4447251.
241. 240. Yang Y, Liu C, Du L, Jiang S, Shi Z, Baric RS, Li F. 2015. Two Mutations Were Critical for Bat-to-Human Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. J Virol. 2015 Sep;89(17):9119-23. PMCID: PMC4524054.
242. 241. Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Baric RS, Ferris MT. 2015. New Metrics for Evaluating Viral Respiratory Pathogenesis. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 26;10(6):e0131451. PMCID: PMC4482571.
243. 242. Lindesmith LC, Beltramello M, Swanstrom J, Jones TA, Corti D, Lanzavecchia A, Baric RS. 2015. Serum Immunoglobulin A Cross-Strain Blockade of Human Noroviruses. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2015 Jul 1;2(3):ofv084. PMCID: PMC4498284
244. 243. Corti D, Zhao J, Pedotti M, Simonelli L, Agnihothram S, Fett C, Fernandez-Rodriguez B, Foglierini M, Agatic G, Vanzetta F, Gopal R, Langrish CJ, Barrett NA, Sallusto F, Baric RS, Varani L, Zambon M, Perlman S, Lanzavecchia A. 2015. Prophylactic and postexposure efficacy of a potent human monoclonal antibody against MERS coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Aug 18;112(33):10473-8. PMCID: PMC4547275.
245. 244. Totura AL, Baric RS. 2015. Reply to "Statins may decrease the Fatality Rate of MERS Infection". MBio. 2015 Sep 29;6(5):e01303-15. PMCID: PMC4611038
246. 245. Gralinski LE, Ferris MT, Aylor DL, Whitmore AC, Green R, Frieman MB, Deming D, Menachery VD, Miller DR, Buus RJ, Bell TA, Churchill GA, Threadgill DW, Katze MG, McMillan L, Valdar W, Heise MT, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F, Baric RS. 2015. Genome Wide Identification of SARS-CoV Susceptibility Loci Using the Collaborative Cross. PLoS Genet. 2015 Oct 9;11(10):e1005504. PMCID: PMC4599853.
247. 246. Gallichotte EN, Widman DG, Yount BL, Wahala WM, Durbin A, Whitehead S, Sariol CA, Crowe JE Jr, de Silva AM, Baric RS. 2015. A New Quaternary Structure Epitope on Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Is the Target of Durable Type-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies. MBio. 2015 Oct 13;6(5). pii: e01461-15. PMCID: PMC4620467.
248. 247. Peck KM, Burch CL, Heise MT, Baric RS. 2016. Coronavirus Host Range Expansion and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Emergence: Biochemical Mechanisms and Evolutionary Perspectives. Annu Rev Virol. 2015 Nov;2(1):95-117.
249. 248. Menachery VD, Yount BL Jr, Debbink K, Agnihothram S, Gralinski LE, Plante JA, Graham RL, Scobey T, Ge XY, Donaldson EF, Randell SH, Lanzavecchia A, Marasco WA, Shi ZL, Baric RS. 2015. A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence. Nat Med. 2015 Dec;21(12):1508-13. PMID: 26552008 (PubMed-In Process)
250. 249. Beall A, Yount B, Lin CM, Hou Y, Wang Q, Saif L, Baric R. 2016. Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A. MBio. Jan 5;7(1). pii: e01451-15. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01451-15. PMCID: PMC4724997
251. 250. Knoll BM, Lindesmith LC, Yount BL, Baric RS, Marty FM. 2016. Resolution of diarrhea in an immunocompromised patient with chronic norovirus gastroenteritis correlates with constitution of specific antibody blockade titer. Infection. 2016 Jan 29
252. 251. Johnson RF, Bagci U, Keith L, Tang X, Mollura DJ, Zeitlin L, Qin J, Huzella L, Bartos CJ, Bohorova N, Bohorov O, Goodman C, Kim do H, Paulty MH, Velasco J, Whaley KJ, Johnson JC, Pettitt J, Ork BL, Solomon J, Oberlander N, Zhu Q, Sun J, Holbrook MR, Olinger GG, Baric RS, Hensley LE, Jahrling PB, Marasco WA. 2016. 3B11-N, a monoclonal antibody against MERS-CoV, reduces lung pathology in rhesus monkeys following intratracheal inoculation of MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012. Virology. 2016 Mar;490:49-58.
253. 252. Messer WB, Yount BL, Royal SR, de Alwis R, Widman DG, Smith SA, Crowe JE Jr, Pfaff JM, Kahle KM, Doranz BJ, Ibarra KD, Harris E, de Silva AM, Baric RS. 2016. Functional transplant of a DENV3-specific human monoclonal antibody epitope into DENV1. J Virol. 2016 Mar 9. pii: JVI.00155-16
254. 253. Menachery VD, Yount BL Jr, Sims AC, Debbink K, Agnihothram SS, Gralinski LE, Graham RL, Scobey T, Plante JA, Royal SR, Swanstrom J, Sheahan TP, Pickles RJ, Corti D, Randell SH, Lanzavecchia A, Marasco WA, Baric RS. 2016. SARS-like WIV1-CoV poised for human emergence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Mar 14. pii: 201517719

B. Book Chapters/Invited Comments

1. Lai, M.M.C., Baric, R.S., Brayton, P.R., and Stohlman, S.A., 1984. Studies on the mechanism of RNA synthesis of a murine coronavirus. In: Coronaviruses: Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis. P. Rottier, B. van deer Zeijst, W. Spaan, and M. Horzinek, Eds. Plenum, New York.
2. Sobsey, M.D., Shieh, V.S., and Baric, R.S., 1990. Deletion of hepatitis A virus and other enteroviruses in environmental samples using gene probe methods. In: Biotechnology and Food Safety. (Shain-dou Kung, Bills, D.D. and Quantrano, R., Eds.)
3. Schwab, K.J., De Leon, R., Baric, R.S. and Sobsey, M.D. (1992). Detection of rotavirus, enteroviruses and HAV by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. AWWA WOTC Proceedings, Orlando, FL.
4. Vine, MF, Moe, CL, Hulka, BS, Baric, RS and R. Millikan. 1995. On the teaching of Molecular Epidemiology. Epi.Monitor, Aug/Sept.

C. Published Abstracts/Presentations (Selected)

1. Baric, R.S., and Johnston, R.E., 1979. Characterization of a Sindbis virus variant with a host determined latent period. North Carolina Society for Microbiology.
2. Baric, R.S., and Johnson, R.E., 1979. Sindbis virus variant with a cell determined latent period. American Society for Microbiology Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA.
3. Baric, R.S. and Johnston, R.E., 1980. In vitro selection of an attenuated variant of Sindbis virus. J. Supramol. Struc. Supplement 4, p.248.
4. Baric, R.S., Carlin, L.J., Lineberger, D.W., Klinger, J.K., and Johnston, R.E., 1980. Inhibitors of host transcription block Sindbis virus replication. North Carolina Society for Microbiology.
5. Baric, R.S., Carlin, L.J., Lineberger, D.W., and Johnston, R.E., 1981. Inhibitors of host transcription block Sindbis virus replication. Annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, p.245.
6. Baric, R.S., Carlin, L.J., Lineberger, D.W., and Johnston, R.E., 1981. Inhibitors of host transcription block Sindbis virus replication. Fifth International Congress on Virology, p.383.
7. Baric, R.S., Carlin, L.J., Lineberger, D.W., and Johnston, R.E., 1982. Requirement for host transcription in the replication of Sindbis virus RNA. American Society for Virology.
8. Baric, R.S., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1983. Characterization of replicative intermediate and replicative form RNA of mouse hepatitis virus: Presence of free leader RNA sequences on nascent chains. American Society for Virology.
9. Baric, R.S., Stohlman, S.A., Razavi, M.K., and Lai, M.M.C., 1984. Presence of free leader RNA in MHV infected cell. American Society for Virology.
10. Keck, J.G., Baric, R.S., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1985. Isolation and characterization of MHV RNA recombinants. American Society for Virology, Albuquerque, NM.
11. Lai, M.M.C., Makino, S., Baric, R.S., Soe, L., Shieh, C.K., Keck, J.g., and Stohlman, S.A., 1987. RNA positive strand viruses. ICN-UCLA Symposium, Keystone, CO.
12. Baric R.S., Soe, L., Shieh, C.K., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1986. Studies into the mechanism of MHV transcription. ICN-UCLA Symp. Positive-stranded RNA Viruses Meetings, Keystone, CO
13. Baric, R.S., Soe, L., Shieh, C.K., Stohlman, S.A., and Lai, M.M.C., 1986. Studies into the mechanism of MHV transcription. Third International Coronavirus Symposium.
14. Small, J.D., Soukup, J., Woods, R.D., Gambling, R.M., and Baric, R.S., 1987. Coronavirus-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbits. Seventh International Congress of Virology, Edmonton, Canada.
15. Small, J.D., Soukup, J., Woods, R.D., Gambling, T.M., and Baric,R.S., 1987. Coronavirus-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbits. American Society for Virology, Chapel Hill, NC.
16. Stohlman, S.A., Deans, R., Baric, R.S., Nelson, G., and Lai, M.M.C., 1988. Specific Interactions between the coronavirus nucleocapsid protein and the MHV leader RNA sequences. J. Cell Biochem. Supp. 12C.
17. Small, J.D., Woods, R.D., Soukup, J., Gambling, T.M., and Baric, R.S., 1988. Coronavirus-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbits. International Symposium on Inflammatory Heart Disease. Snowmass, CO.
18. Baric, R.S., Edwards, S., and Small, J.D., 1989. Rabbit Cardiomyopathy. 4th International Coronavirus Symposium, England.
19. Baric, R.S., Egbert, J., Lum, K., and Stohlman, S.A., 1989. Coronavirus temperature sensitive mutants. 4th International coronavirus Symposium, England.
20. Shieh, Y.D.C., Baric, R.S., and Sobsey, M.D., 1989. Development and evaluation of a Hepatitis A virus RNA probe for environmental samples. American Society of Microbiology, New Orleans, LA.
21. Peel, S.A., Merritt, S.C., Bowdre, J.H., and R.S. Baric. Mefloquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum. Southeastern Parasitology Meeting. April 1990.
22. De Leon, R., Shieh, Y.D.C., Baric, R.S. and M.D. Sobsey. Detection of enteroviruses and hepatitis A virus in environmental samples by gene probes and polymerase chain reaction. Nov. 1990, Water Quality Technology Conference, San Diego.
23. De Leon, R., Baric, R.S. and Sobsey, M.D. Detection of enteroviruses, hepatitis A virus and rotavirus by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and non-radioactive oligoprobes. American Society of Microbiology, Dallas, 1991.
24. Peel, S.A., Bowdre, J.H. and R.S. Baric. 1992. Mutation and amplification in the pfmdr1 gene of P.falciparum is associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance. Molecular Parasitology Meetings, Woods Hole, Ma.
25. Fu, K. and R.S. Baric. Variable rates of recombination in the MHV genome. Amer. Society of Virology, Colorado 1992.
26. Alexander, K. and R.S. Baric. Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy following rabbit coronavirus infection. Amer. Soc. Virol., Colorado, 1992.
27. Peel, S.A., Yount, B., and R.S. Baric. A strong association between mutation and amplification in pfmdr1 and mefloquine resistance in P.falciparum. Molecular/Biochemic. Parasitology Meetings, Woods Hole, MA 1993.
28. Baric, R.S. and Schaad, M.A. 1995. Evidence that subgenomic negative stranded RNAs function in MHV transcription. International Positive strand RNA Virus Meetings, The Netherlands.
29. Baric, R.S., Yount, B., Chen, W. and Peel, S.A. 1995. Interspecies transfer of a murine coronavirus. International Positive Strand RNA Virus Meeting, The Netherlands.
30. Baric, R.S., Yount, B., L. Hensley, and S.A. Peel. Interspecies transfer and remodeling the MHV glycoproteins. 1996. Keystone Symposium: Cell Biology of Virus Entry, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
31. Chen, W. and R.S. Baric. 1996. Mechanism of MHV Persistence: Coevolution of increasing host resistance and virus virulence. Keystone Symposium: Cell Biology of Virus Entry, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
32. Gibson, C., D.Rhodes, H.Sum, R.Baric, R.Guerrant, and C.Moe. Human caliciviruses and pediatric gastroenteritis: genetic diversity of small round structured viruses in an urban Brazilian slum. ASV, Montana, 1997.
33. Baric, R.S. and Schaad, M.C. (1996). Evidence that mouse hepatitis virus subgenomic negative strands are functional templates (Quebec, Canada, International Coronavirus Symposium).
34. Baric, R.S., Chen, W., Yount, B., and Fu, K. (1996). High RNA recombination and mutation rates in MHV suggest that coronaviruses may be potentially important emerging viruses. (Quebec, Canada. International Coronavirus Symposium).
35. Alexander, L.K., Keene, B., Yount, B., and Baric, R.S. (1996). Echocardiographic changes following rabbit coronavirus infection. (Quebec, Canada. International Coronavirus Symposium).
36. Chen, W. and Baric, R.S. Evolution and persistence mechanisms in mouse hepatitis virus. (1997). (Quebec, Canada. International Coronavirus Symposium).
37. Hensley, L. and R.S. Baric. 1997. Human Biliary glycoprotein functions as receptors for Interspecies transfer of mouse hepatitis virus. (Madrid, Spain; International Coronavirus Symposium).
38. Hensley, L.E. and R.S. Baric. 1997. Virus receptor interactions and cross species transfer of mouse hepatitis virus. (Madrid, Spain; International Coronavirus Symposium).
39. Chen, W. and R.S. Baric. 1997. Receptor Homologue Scanning Functions in the Maintenance of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Persistence. (Madrid, Spain; International Coronavirus Symposium).
40. Shieh, C.Y.S, R. S. Baric, and M.D. Sobsey. 1998. Detection of low levels of enteric viruses in metropolitan and airplane sewage. American Society for Microbiology.
41. Baric, R.S. 1998. Molecular and Evolutionary Mechanisms of Virus Cross species Transmission. (July 1998, NIH Bethesda--Cross Species Infectivity Meeting)
42. Shieh, Y.-S. C, S.S. Monroe, R.L. Frankhauser, G.W. Langlois, W. Burkhardt, and RS Baric. 1999. Detection of Norwalk-like viruses in shellfish implicated in illness. International Calicivirus Symposium, Atlanta Ga.
43. Shieh, Y.-S, and Baric, RS. 2000. Detection of Norwalk-like viruses in shellfish. American Society for Virology, Colorado, USA.
44. Baric, RS, Harrington, P., Tseng, F., and Moe, C. 2000. Production of Norwalk like viruses from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon RNAs. American Society for Virology, Colorado, USA.
45. Baric, RS, Curtis, K. and Yount, B. 2000. Development of Coronavirus Infectious cDNAs. International Nidovirus Symposium, New York, USA.
46. Baric, RS and Yount, B. 2000. Subgenomic negative strand function during MHV infection. International Nidovirus Symposium, New York, USA.
47. Baric, RS and Yount, B. 2000. Mechanisms of MHV Persistence. International Nidovirus Symposium, New York, USA.
48. Harrington, P., Moe, C. and Baric, RS. 2001. Mucosal, systemic and cross immunity against Norwalk like viruses. American Society for Virology, Madison, Wis.
49. Baric, RS and Yount, B. 2001. Coronavirus Heterologous Expression Vectors. American Society for Virology, Madison, Wis.
50. Lindesmith, L., Baric, RS and Moe, CL. 2001. Evidence of a protective immune response against Norwalk like viruses. American Society for Virology, Madison, Wis.
51. Curtis, C., Yount, B. and Baric, RS. 2001. Heterologous gene expression from transmissible gastroenteritis virus replicon particles. International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses, Paris, Fr.
52. Baric, RS, Curtis, K. and Yount, B. 2001. Coronavirus heterologous gene expression vectors. International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA viruses. Paris, Fr.
53. Harrington, P., Moe, C. and Baric, RS. 2001. Systemic, mucosal and heterotypic protection against Norwalk like viruses using Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons. International symposium on positive strand RNA viruses. Paris, Fr.
54. Harrington, P and Baric, RS. NLV Vaccines. Southeastern Virology Meetings, Atlanta GA, April, 2002.
55. Mcroy, W and Baric, RS. Mechanisms of MHV Cross species Transmission. Southeastern Virology Meeting, Atlanta GA, 2002.
56. McRoy, W and Baric, RS. Molecular Mechanisms of MHV Cross Species Transmission, American Society for Virology, Lexington, Ky. July, 2002.
57. Curtis, K, Yount, B and Baric, RS. Development of TGEV Replicon Particles. American Society for Virology, Lexington, Ky. July 2002.
58. Executive decision to stop listing abstracts, but on average we are providing abstracts at a rate of 4-8/yr.

IX. SERVICE

A. Professional Development/Invited Presentations : Selected Invited Presentations:

1. 1. Studies into the Mechanism of MHV Transcription. N.C. State University, November 19,1987.
2. 2. Studies into the mechanism for MHV transcription, May 1988, Virology Triangle Meeting.
3. 3. Rabbit cardiomyopathy. Glaxo, Research Triangle Park, December 13, 1988.
4. 4. AIDS, SPH Alumni Conference, April 1988.
5. 5. AIDS, AHEC Fayetteville, NC, March 1989.
6. 6. Modern approaches for health risk assessment, SPH Alumni Conference, May 2-3, 1990.
7. 7. Studies into the Mechanisms of MHV Transcription and RNA Recombination. Loyola University, Department of Microbiology, Chicago, Illinois, February 6, 1991.
8. 8. Genetics of MHV transcription. University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pa. October 1992.
9. 9. Transcription and Recombination Mechanisms of Mouse Hepatitis Virus, Uniformed Services, Department of Microbiology, Bethesda, MD, November 1993.
10. 10.Convener and presentor: Coronavirus RNA transcription and Recombination, International Coronavirus Symposium, Quebec, Canada 1994.
11. 11. Invited Speaker: International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses. Genetics of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Transcription. The Netherlands, May 26 - June 1, 1995. Audience of 600+
12. 12. Evolutionary Mechanisms of virus persistence and interspecies spread. Univ. Colorado Health Sciences Center, Dept. of Microbiology, Denver, Co. Feb. 1996.
13. 13. Evolutionary Mechanisms of Mouse Hepatitis virus Persistence and interspecies spread. Research Triangle Park, Triangle Virology, NC, April 1996.
14. 14. Molecular Mechanisms of Virus Persistence and Interspecies Traffic. Vanderbilt University, Department of Microbiology, Nashville, Tn. Jan 7, 1997.
15. 15. Invited Speaker: Molecular and Evolutionary mechanisms of virus cross species transmission. Meeting on the Pathogenesis and Cross species Transmission of Viruses. National Institutes of Health. July 1997. Audience of 400+. Part of USDA hearings on the Public Health Concerns of Xenotransplantation and virus cross species transmission. (Bethesda, Md)
16. 16. Molecular Mechanisms of Virus Cross Species Transmission. North Carolina State University, Department of Microbiology, Oct. 1998
17. 17. Coronavirus reverse genetics. Baylor School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Houston Tx. April, 2001
18. 18. Coronavirus reverse genetics. Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tn. April, 2001
19. 19. Invited Speaker: Consequences of gene order rearrangements on coronavirus replication. International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses. Paris, France. May 27-June 2, 2001. 500 in attendance.
20. 20. Coronavirus vaccine vectors. Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Sept. 2001
21. 21. Coronavirus reverse genetics. Department of Microbiology, East Carolina University, Oct. 2001
22. 22. Combination vaccines against swine nidoviruses. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Minn., Dec. 2001
23. 23. Coronavirus Heterologous gene expression vectors. Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Dec. 2001.
24. 24. Coronavirus Heterologous Gene Expression Vectors. Department of Pathobiology, Microbiology and Immunology, Univ. of Texas, Austin. Mar 2002.
25. 25. Invited speaker, Seventh Southeastern Regional Virology Conference, Georgia State University, Atlanta Ga. April 12-14, 2002. ~150 participants
26. 26. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. Baylor University, Houston Texas. Department of Microbiology and Immunology. April 9, 2001.
27. 27. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Tennessee, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN. April 24, 2001.
28. 28. Invited speaker: International Symposium on RNA Positive Strand Viruses, Paris France. May 27th-June 2nd 2001.
29. 29. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. East Carolina University, Department of Microbiology, Oct 3, 2001.
30. 30. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Iowa, Department of Microbiology, Nov, 2001.
31. 31. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Minn. Dec, Department of Path biology, School of Veterinary Medicine. 2002.
32. 32. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Texas at College Station, Department of Pathology, March 2002.
33. 33. Reverse Genetics using Coronavirus Infectious cDNAs. University of Texas at Galveston, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oct 2002.
34. 34. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Minn, Department of Path biology, School of Veterinary Medicine. December 2002.
35. 35. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. University of Texas at College Station, Department of Pathology, March 2002.
36. 36. Reverse Genetics using Coronavirus Infectious cDNAs. University of Texas at Galveston, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oct 2002.
37. 37. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. Layola University School of Medicine, March 2003.
38. 38. Invited Speaker: Engineering the Genomes of Microorganisms. DARPA Meeting on “Synthetic Biology”, Menlo Park, California. March 2003.
39. 39. Invited Speaker: Coronavirus Vaccines. NIAID. SARS: Developing a Research Response, May 30, 2003.
40. 40. Invited Speaker: Susceptibility to Norovirus Infections. International Glycovirology Meeting, Sweden. June 2003.
41. 41. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics. Mount Siani School of Medicine, New York. Sept 9, 2003.
42. 42. University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center. Sept. 2003. SARS Reverse Genetics.
43. 43. Focus Technology: Expert Consultant: Norovirus Pathogenesis and SARS-CoV Pathogenesis, Sept. 2003.
44. 44. World Health Organization: SARS: Oct 29-Nov1, 2003. Geneva Switzerland. Invited Speaker.
45. 45. SARS CoV Pathogenesis and Reverse Genetics. Jan 6-11th, 2004. Keystone Colorado. Invited speaker: Bioterrorism and Emerging Infectious Diseases: antimicrobials, therapeutics and immune modulators.
46. 46. SARS CoV Reverse Genetics. Emory University, Jan 15th, 2004.
47. 47. Cruising with Noroviruses. Southeastern Viroogy Conference, Atlanta Ga. March 26th-28th, 2004. Keynote Address.
48. 48. SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Replication. American Society for Virology. Invited Speaker, May 24-27th, 2004. New Orleans
49. 49. Cruising with Noroviruses. International RNA Positive Strand RNA Virus Meeting. May 27-30th, 2004. Invited Speaker. San Francisco, Calif.
50. 50. SARS-CoV Reverse Genetics, Beijing, China. July 2004.
51. 51. Invited Seminar Speaker, Sept 29, 2004. University of Virginia. Title: TBA.
52. 52. SARS-CoV Genetics and Pathogenesis, Madrid Spain, Oct 2004.
53. 53. SARS Pathogenesis, Regional Center for Excellence, Durham, NC (Invited speaker). Nov 2004.
54. 54. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis. The US-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program 40th Anniversary Meeting Kyoto, Japan December 7-10, 2004 (Invited speaker)
55. 55. SARS-CoV Replication and Genetics. Department of Microbiology, University of Utah, Mar, 2005.
56. 56. Coronavirus Reverse Genetics and Pathogenesis, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. April, 2005. (Invited speaker)
57. 57. Synthetic Coronaviruses. Biohacking: Biological Warfare Enabling Technologies, June 2005. Washington, DC. DARPA/MITRE sponsored event. Invited Speaker
58. 58. SARS-CoV Genetics and Pathogenesis. American Society for Virology, College Park, Penn State University. June 2005. “State of the Art Lecturer”
59. 59. SARS-CoV Genetics and Vaccine Development. International Nidovirales Conference, Colorado, June 2005. Invited keynote speaker.
60. 60. Coronavirus Cross Species Transmission Mechanisms. NIH Workshop, Sept 2005. Emergence of new epidemic viruses through host switching. (Invited Speaker).
61. 61. Human Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Genetics. Charles Gould Easton Seminar series, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Sept. 2005. (Invited Speaker)
62. 62. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis. Department of Microbiology, UCLA. Sept 2005. (Invited speaker).
63. 63. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis and Replication, University of Pittsburg, 2006.
64. 64. American Society for Virology, Keynote Speaker, July 2006.
65. 65. Synthetic Genomics. March 27-28. Washington, DC. 2006
66. 66. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis. University of Washington, March 7, 2006.
67. 67. Genetics of SARS-CoV Pathogenesis. Vanderbilt University. May 9, 2006.
68. 68. Biosafety and SARS-CoV. American Society for Microbiology, National Meeting Orlando Florida. May 22, 2006.
69. 69. Synthetic biology Workshop. Synthetic Reconstruction of Viral Genomes. June 1, 2006; Washington DC.
70. 70. Plenury Address, American Society for Virology. Madison Wisconsin, July 2006. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis
71. 71. Synthetic Virology. NSAAB Meeting, Washington DC, July 2006
72. 72. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis, University of Kentucky, Sept. 2006.
73. 73. Genetics of SARS-CoV Pathogenesis. SARS Workshop, Paris, Fr. Oct, 2007
74. 74. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis, North Carolina State University, Feb, 2007.
75. 75. Norovirus Pathogenesis, UNC Chapel Hill, Friday Morning ID Seminar, March 2007
76. 76. SARS-CoV Innate Immunity, University of Florida, April, 2007.
77. 77. Norovirus Pathogenesis, Layola University, Chicago, May 2007.
78. 78. Norovirus Vaccine Design, NIH Food and Waterborne Disease Network Vaccine Development Meeting. Baltimore, Md. May 2007.
79. 79. Synthetic Virology, American Society for Mircobiology, Toronto, Ca. May 2007.
80. 80. Rewiring Coronavirus Genomes, Positive Strand RNA Virus Meeting, Washington, DC, May 2007.
81. 81. Genetics of SARS-CoV Pathogenesis and Norovirus Evolution and Pathogenic Mechanisms, University of Madrid, Spain. June 2007.
82. 82. Norovirus Pathogenesis and Vaccine Design. Atlanta GA. SERCEB Planning Meeting. June 2007.
83. 83. Genetics of SARS-CoV Pathogenesis, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 2007
84. 84. SARS-CoV Pathogenesis, Vaccine Design and Therapeutics, NIH Advisory Meeting and Planning Committee, Oct 1-2, 2007.
85. 85. Norovirus Evolution and Persistence in Human Populations, Invited Speaker, International Calicivirus Meeting, Cancun Mexico, Nov 2007.
86. 86. SARS-CoV Antagonism of Host Innate Immunity, University of Penn, Department of Microbiology, April 2008.
87. 87. Norovirus Evolution and Persistence, Invited Speaker, American Society for Microbiology, Boston, MA June 2008
88. 88. Mechanisms of Coronavirus Cross Species Transmission. American Society for Virology, medical virology working group, July 2008.
89. 89. Norovirus Pathogenic Mechanisms, Louisiana State University, Baton Rogue, Oct 2008.
90. 90. Synthetic Virology, Invited Speaker, Synthetic Biology 4.0, Hong Kong, China. Oct 2009.
91. 91. Synthetic Virology and Biodefense, American Society for Microbiology and Biodefense Meeting, Baltimore Feb 2009. Invited speaker.
92. 92. SARS Pathogenesis Seminar-University of Arkansas-April 2010
93. 93. Synthetic Genomics National RCE meeting. Las Vegas, NV. Invited Speaker. April 2010.
94. 94. Systems Virology Meeting. Madison, WI Invited Speaker. May 2010.
95. 95. Positive Strand Meeting. Atlanta, GA. Invited Speaker. May 2010.
96. 96. System Biology and Immune Response. Veyrier du Lac France. Invited Speaker. June 2010.
97. 97. American Society for Virology. Bozeman Montana. Session Host, 14 presentations. July 2010.
98. 98. NIAID Workshop on Dengue Virus Infection & Immunity. Portland, OR. Invited Speaker. August 2010.
99. 99. PNWRCE Meeting. Invited Speaker. September 2010.
100. 100.SERCEB Meeting. Presenter. October 2010.
101. 101.International Calici Virus Meeting. Santiago, Chile. Keynote address. October 2010.
102. 102.University of Texas, Austin, TX Invited Seminar. October 2010.
103. 103.St. Louis, MO. Invited Seminar November 2010
104. 104.Systems Virology Meeting. Boston, MA. Invited Speaker. November 2010.
105. 105.University of TX. Galveston. Invited Seminar. November 2010.
106. 106.Arterivirus Meeting. Chicago, IL Keynote Speaker. December 2010
107. 107.University of Iowa. Invited Seminar. December 2010.
108. 108.Gordon Conference, Invited Speaker. Ventura, CA. March 2011.
109. 109.National RCE meeting. Presenter. Denver, CO April 2011.
110. 110.Vaccines and Adjuvants for Emerging Infectious Diseases. Invited Speaker. Montego Bay Jamaica. May 2011
111. 111. BSEG Meeting, Richmond, VA. May 2011.
112. 112. International Nidovirus Conference. June 2011
113. 113. Molecular Basis of Disease Research Day, Keynote Speaker, Georgia State University. June 2011
114. 114. WHO. Geneva Switzerland. Invited Speaker. June 2011.
115. 115. 27th International Mammalian Genome Conference, 2 lab presentations, Education session, Salamanca, Spain July 2013
116. 116. Campus Universidad Autonoma, Cantoblanco, Invited Lecturer, Madrid Spain July 2013
117. 117. St. Louis University, Invited Speaker, “Cruising with Noroviruses”
118. 118. St. Louis, MO Oct 2013
119. 119. 5th Int’l Conference on Calicivirus, State of Art Speaker. 3 lab presentations, Beijing, China Oct 2013
120. 120. 43rd Annual Symposium-Eastern Pennsylvania Branch-American Society for Microbiology, Invited Speaker “Emerging Human Coronaviruses including SARS and MERS-COV: Mechanisms of cross-species transmission”, Philadelphia, PA Nov 2013
121. 121. BSC program review, NIH invited reviewer, Washington, DC Dec 2013
122. 122. RTI-DOD review meeting. Participant. Washington DC, Dec 2013
123. 115. Emerging Viral Diseases Meeting, IOM Forum, Invited participant. Washington, DC Mar 2014
124. 116. 3rd WHO meeting for Improving Influenza Vaccine Virus Selection, Invited Speaker/consultant. Geneva Switzerland. April 2014
125. 117. Mahy Lecture, Guest Lecturer, Emory University, Atlanta, GA May 2014
126. 118. 27th International Conference on Antiviral Research, Invited Speaker. Raleigh, NC. May 2014
127. 119. XIIIth International Nidovirus Symposium, Invited Speaker. Salamanca Spain June 2014
128. 120. Common Barriers in Vaccine Research & Development, Invited Speaker, Rockville, MD. June 2014
129. 121. American Society for Virology Annual Meeting, Plenary Talk, (13 lab presentations) Ft Collins, CO June 2014
130. 122. Symposium, “Virology in the Last 4 decades: Breakthroughs & Benefits” Invited speaker. Rotterdam, Netherlands July 2014
131. 123. Congress. International Union of Microbiological Societies. “Pathogenic mechanisms of emerging coronaviruses”. Invited Speaker. Montreal Canada July 2014
132. 124. Systems Biology of Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis to Personalized Medicine. Invited Speaker. Seattle, Washington August 2014
133. 125. Workshop. NIAID Human Rotaviruses and Noroviruses: Models for Understanding Virology, Cell Biology and Treatment/Prevention Strategies. Invited Speaker. Washington DC September 2014
134. 126. American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 3 presentations from lab. New Orleans, LA November 2014
135. 127. Biological Safety Experts Group. Presenter. Washington DC Dec 2014
136. 128. 11th Annual One Medicine Symposium, Invited Speaker Durham NC Dec 2004
137. 129. Systems analysis and host-pathogen interactions Meeting, Invited Speaker. San Diego, CA
138. 130. US-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program 17th International EID Conference. Invited Speaker. Taipei, Taiwan Jan 2015
139. 131. BSEG meeting, Washington DC, Presenter, Mar 2015
140. 132. University of Kentucky, Invited Speaker, Louisville, KY Mar 2015
141. 133. MERS-CoV Stakeholders Workshop, Invited participant, Washington, DC April 2015
142. 134. UC Irvine, Invited Speaker Irvine California May 2015
143. 135. Gilead Sciences, Inc. Collaborative meeting. Invited Speaker Foster City, CA May 2015
144. 136. BSEG meeting, Meeting attendee, Washington DC, June 2015

X. UNC Patent/Invention Reports

1. US. Patent No. 6,593,111. 2003. Ralph S. Baric, Boyd Yount. Directional Assembly of Large Viral Genomes and Chromosomes.
2. US Patent No. 7,279,327, 2007. Ralph S. Baric, Boyd Yount, Kristopher Curtis. Methods for Producing Recombinant Coronavirus
3. US Patent No.7,618,802. Ralph S. Baric, Kristopher Curtis, Rhonda Roberts, Boyd Yount. Methods and Compositions for Infectious cDNA of SARS Coronavirus.
4. US Patent Pending. Application #: 12/875367. Ralph S. Baric, Anna LoBue, Joseph M. Thompson, Robert E. Johnston, and Lisa Lindesmith. Multivalent Immunogenic Compositions against Noroviruses and methods of use.
5. Invention Report (Protected under US Patent 6,593,111). Dengue virus infectious clone: Methods for producing recombinant Dengue Viruses. Ralph S. Baric, Boyd Yount, William Messer and Aravinda de Silva.
6. WIPO/PCT International Publication Number WO 2014/145245 A2. Ralph S Baric, Lisa C Lindesmith, Kari M Debbink, Eric F Donaldson, Jesica A Swanstrom. Methods and Compositions for Norovirus Blockade Epitopes.

XI. Grant Review

1. Grant Review-pre1998
   1. 1. 1. USDA, Molecular Biology/Gene Animal Structure, 1988-2002
      2. 2. NIH AID Ad Hoc reviewer 1992 (1 proposal)
      3. 3. Veterans Administration 1992, 1996 (1 proposal each)
      4. 4. NIH Evolution of Infectious Diseases, Special ad hoc committee. July 1997
      5. 5. Programme de Recherche Fondamentale en Microbiologie
      6. et Maladies Infectieuses et Parasitaires French Government 1998 (1 proposal).
2. Grant Review 1999:
   1. 1. 1. NIH MBRS Score: primary reviewer 7 grant applications from University of
      2. Puerto Rico MBRS-SCORE PROGRAM, Decide which proposals are submitted to NIH for review
      3. 2. Ad hoc reviewer United States Department of Agriculture-Animal Health and well-being
      4. 3. Ad hoc reviewer, National Institutes of Health, Experimental Virology Study
      5. Section, 1 grant, conference call
3. Grant Review 2000-2001
   1. 1. 1. National Institutes of Health, Genetics Study Section, Feb 2000. Ad hoc
      2. 2. National Institutes of Health, Genetics Study Section June 2000. Ad hoc National Institutes of Health, AIDS Vaccines Study Section, Sept. 2000. Conference call
      3. 3. National Institutes of Health, Genetics Study Section, Feb 2001. Ad hoc National Institutes of Health, 3. Genetics Study Section June 2001. Ad hoc.
      4. 4. Veterans Administration, Virology (March, 2001). Ad hoc.
      5. 5. Experimental Virology Study Section. Ad hoc reviewer with 6 grants to review. Oct 15-17, 2001.
4. Grant Review 2002
   1. 1. 1. National Institutes of Health, Genetics Study Section, Feb 2002. Ad hoc
      2. 2. AD hoc reviewer, The Welcome Trust. March, 2002
5. Grant Review 2003
   1. 1. 1. Genetics study section Feb and Oct, 2003. Ad hoc.
      2. 2. Experimental Virology, February, 2003. Ad hoc
      3. 3. NIH ad hoc review, Poxvirus vaccine program project. Sept 2003.
6. Grant Review 2004
   1. 1. 1. National Institutes of health, Experimental Virology Study Section, Feb 2004. Ad hoc member
      2. 2. National Institutes of health, Experimental Virology Study Section, Oct 2004. Ad hoc reviewer
      3. 3. National Institutes of health, Experimental Virology Study Section, Mar, 2005. Ad hoc reviewer
7. Grant Review, 2005-09
   1. 1. Permanent Member, Virology B Study Section, Oct 2005-2009. Three Meetings/year in Oct, Feb and June. Average 6-9 grants to review per session.

XII. Other Professional Development

1. NIH MBRS External Review Committee (1999-2010)
   1. 1. National Institutes of Health, MBRS SCORE Proposal for the University of Puerto Rico at San Juan. Visit yearly and review the UPR MRBS SCORE NIH PROGRAM PROJECT GRANT (a compilation of 17 NIH grants to a minority institution), recommended and reviewed new grants for submission to NIH as part of MBRS SCORE (5 projects), reviewed individual PI progress (5 funded applications), reviewed UPR research infrastructure and made recommendations to the Chancellor and Dean of the Medical School for enhancing basic and clinical research on campus.
2. Task force on Veterinary Virology-American Society for Virology
3. Veterinary Virology Finance Committee-American Society for Virology
4. Manuscript Review/Editorial Boards:
   1. 1. a. Editorial Board, Journal of Virology 2004-2006.
      2. b. Editorial board, Journal of Virology, 2007-.
      3. c. Associate Editor, Plos Pathogen 2007-2008.
      4. d. Senior Editor, Plos Pathogens 2008-2014.
5. University and Department Committees:
   1. 1. a. UNC-School of Public Health Shop Committee, 1987-89
      2. b. Departmental (Parasitology and Lab Practice) Curriculum Committee, 1987-1990
      3. c. Co-Chair, Parasitology Departmental Space Committee, 1987, 1988
      4. d. Infectious Disease Program Task Force, 1988
      5. e. UNC-School of Public Health Safety Committee, 1988-1989
      6. f. Epidemiology Doctoral Program Committee, 1990-95
      7. g. Infectious Disease Program Committee, 1990-present
      8. h. Epidemiology Laboratory Committee, 1991-present, Chair
      9. i. University Recombinant DNA Committee (1996-2001)
      10. j. Space Committee (School of Public Health) 1998-2009
      11. k. BSL-3 Team Committee (University wide) 2012-present
      12. l. Task Force for Select Agents (University wide) 2013-present
      13. m. School of Public Health Appointment and Promotion Committee 2014-present
6. Meeting Organization, Planning and Committees:
   1. 1. a. International RNA Positive Meeting Steering Committee, Atlanta 2010
      2. b. International Calcivirus Conference Steering Committee, Chile 2010
      3. c. International Nidovirus Conference Steering Committee, US 2011
      4. d. Systems Biology Conference, Host: Chapel Hill, NC 2011
      5. e. International Nidovirus Conference Steering Committee, US 2014
7. Faculty Mentorship Committee
   1. 1. a. Raymond Pickles, Associate Professor, Microbiology and Immunology
      2. b. Jason Whitmire, Assistant Professor, Genetics
      3. c. Jennifer Smith, Research Assistant Professor, Epidemiology
      4. d. Amy Sims, Research Assistant Professor, Epidemiology
      5. e. Martin Ferris, Research Assistant Professor, Genetics
      6. f. Kathleen Dorsey, Research Assistant Professor, Epidemiology
      7. g. Rachel Graham, Research Assistant Professor, Epidemiology
      8. h. Patricia Basta, Research Assistant Professor, Epidemiology

XIII. Student and Postdoc Training

A. Current Students-Dissertation Advisor

1. Kayla Peck 2013-2016
2. Emily Gallichotte Fall 2014-Present
3. Anne Beall Fall 2014- Present
4. Kenneth Dinnon 2016-Present

B. Current Postdoctoral Research Associate

1. Dr. Lisa Gralinski, 2008- present
2. Dr. Alexandra Schaefer, 2010-present
3. Dr. Vineet Menachery, 2010-present
4. Dr. Douglas Widman, 2013-present
5. Dr. Jessica Plante, 2014-present
6. Dr. Jacob Kocher, 2014-present
7. Dr. Adam Cockrell, 2014-present
8. Dr. Kara Jensen, 2015-present
9. Dr. Sarah Leist, 2016-present

C. Current Research Faculty

1. Dr. Amy Sims
2. Dr. Rachel Graham
3. Dr. Timothy Sheahan

D. Staff Supported by Baric Laboratory

1. Boyd Yount-1990-present
2. Lisa Lindesmith 1999-present
3. Trevor Scobey 2009-present
4. Jesica Swanstrom 2010-present

E. Dissertation Committee Member

1. John Meschke (ENVR)
2. Fu-Chih Hsu (ENVR)
3. Jin Haw Chou, (EPID)
4. Julie Smith (ENVR)
5. Rebecca Cleveland (EPID)
6. Nicole Gregoricus (ENVR)
7. Amy Pickard (Epid), graduated Spring 2004
8. Jennifer Konnapka (M&I), graduated Spring 2007
9. Cindy Ma (Epid), graduated Spring 2007
10. Jason Simons (M&I) graduated Spring 2010
11. Catherine Cruz (M&I) graduated Spring 2010
12. Amy Wollish (M&I)
13. Alina Lotstein (M&I)
14. Kari Hacker (M&I)
15. Yang Zhou (M&I)
16. Bronwyn Gunn (M&I)
17. Richard Watkins (M&I)
18. [Dr. Kizzmekia "Kizzy" Shanta Corbett (born 1986)] (M&I)
19. Jennifer McGraw (M&I)
20. Paul Maurizio (Genetics)

F. Former Postdoctoral Fellows

1. Sheila Peel, Senior Researcher, Walter Reed Medical Institute
2. Lorraine Alexander, Research Assistant Professor, Dept. of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill
3. Carol Shieh, Research Scientist, Food and Drug Administration
4. Amy Sims, 2002-2005 Research Assistant Professor, UNC-CH
5. Kirk Prutzman, 2006-2008, Food and Drug Administration
6. Damon Deming, 2007-2009Food and Drug Administration,
7. Matthew Frieman, 2004-2009 Assistant Professor, Univ. of Maryland
8. Barry Rockx, 2004-2008 University of Texas, Galveston
9. Eric Donaldson, 2008-2009, Research Scientist, Food and Drug Administration
10. William Messer, 2008-2012, Asst Professor, Oregon Health Science University
11. Rachel Graham, 2007-2013, Research Assistant Professor, UNC-CH
12. Sudhakar Agnihothram, 2008-2014, Fellow, Food and Drug Administration
13. Schafer, Alexandra, 2010-2012, Research Associate, UNC-CH
14. Gralinski, Lisa 2008-2013, Research Associate, UNC-CH
15. Widman, Douglas 2013-2015, Research Associate, UNC-CH
16. Cockrell, Adam, 2014-2016, Research Associate, UNC-CH

G. Former Doctoral Students

1. Mary Schaad (Epid), Fall 1987- Spring 1994 Senior Scientist Ambion
2. Kaisong Fu (Epid), Fall 1989-Spring 1995 Senior Scientist, RTP
3. Sheila Peel (Epid), Fall 1986-1990 Research Scientist, Walter Reed Medical Center
4. Lisa Hensley, (Epid) spring 1994-1999, Senior Scientist USAMRIID
5. Kristopher Curtis, Fall 1998-Fall 2003, Senior Scientist, INDEXX.
6. Patrick Harrington, Fall 1999-Fall 2003, FDA
7. Will McRoy (Micro) Fall 2001-2006, Assistant Professor
8. Damon Deming (Micro), Fall1999- Spring 2007, FDA
9. Anna LoBue (Micro) PhD Fall 2002-Spring 2008
10. Eric Donaldson (Micro) PhD Spring 2004-Spring 2008, FDA
11. Timothy Sheahan (Micro) PhD Fall 2003- Spring 2008, Res Assistant Professor, UNC
12. Meagan Bolles (Micro) Md, PhD Fall 2008 –Spring 2013, Medical Student, UNC
13. Kari Debbink (Micro) PhD Fall 2010-Spring 2014, Postdoctoral fellow, NIH
14. Allison Totura (Micro) PhD Fall 2007-Spring 2014, USAMRID