Flash applets on some technical aspects of photography
Marc Levoy, Andrew Adams, Katie Dektar, and Nora Willett
Based on Stanford CS 178 (Digital Photography)
[Note:Â Since Adobe Flash has been disabled in most browsers, the interactive illustrations in these applets no longer work.
 As a workaround, each applet page includes a screenshot showing the interactive illustration in frozen form.
 More usefully, you can download the applet's .swf file and Adobe's standalone Flash player to your desktop, and play it there.
This player used to be downloadable from adobe.com, but they have retired it. Fortunately, I retained a copy, which is here:
        https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ykFX8aKCBCIWPd0m75KajDH-2UVXwujU/view?usp=sharing
Download and unzip this archive, creating Flash Player.app, then drag and drop any of the .swf files onto the app.
This app works on MacOS through at least Ventura, and is safe, even though Flash in your browser has proven unsafe.]
Uses Gauss's ray tracing construction to show how thin lenses perform a 3D perspective transformation of object space into image space.
The relationship between object distance, image distance, and focal length, and the distinction between focusing and zooming.
How do focal length, subject distance, F-number, and size of the circle of confusion affect depth of field?
The operation of zoom lenses, telephoto zoom lenses, and optically-compensated telephoto zoom lens.
Interactively demonstrates 1D continuous convolution and 2D discrete convolution. Don't miss the "custom" buttons!
Explore how some cameras (mostly SLRs) use phase detection to autofocus a picture.
Explore how other cameras (mostly point-and-shoots) use contrast detection to autofocus an image.
Explores the trichromatic theory of color vision and considers its implications for human perception, color photography, and computer display of color images.
Reenact Maxwell's color matching experiment to see how closely you can match the trichromatic matching functions for the given primaries.
Interactively shows the results of gamut mapping (both the primaries and the rendering intents) on the colors displayed in an image.
Demonstrates how images are projected from a plane to a cylinder to form a panorama.