Slate has two lines of breakability – cleavage and grain – which make it possible to split the stone into thin sheets. In fact, this natural slate, which requires only minimal processing, has the lowest carbon footprint of all roofing materials. Natural slate is used by building professionals as a result of its beauty and durability. Slate is incredibly durable and can last several hundred years, often with little or no maintenance. Its low water absorption makes it very resistant to frost damage and breakage due to freezing. Natural slate is also fire resistant and energy efficient.

Slate roof tiles are usually fixed with copper nails, or with hooks as is common with Spanish slate. In the UK, fixing is typically with double nails onto timber battens (England and Wales) or nailed directly to timber boards (Scotland and Northern Ireland). Nails are traditionally of copper, although there are modern alloy and stainless steel alternatives. Both these methods, if used properly, provide a long-lasting weather tight roof with a lifespan of around 80–100 years.