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ACL on Linux -- getfacl examples

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getfacl - get file access control lists
Together with setfacl, chacl, they are a tool set to manage POSIX Access Control list on linux
# rpm -ql acl-2.2.39-8.el5.x86_64
/usr/bin/chacl
/usr/bin/getfacl
/usr/bin/setfacl
...

Description

      For  each file, getfacl displays the file name, owner, the group, and the Access Control List (ACL). If a directory has a default ACL,
       getfacl also displays the default ACL. Non-directories cannot have default ACLs.

       If getfacl is used on a file system that does not support ACLs, getfacl displays the access permissions  defined  by  the  traditional
       file mode permission bits.

       The output format of getfacl is as follows, it has three sections
 Head section-- file/dir ownership and groupship info
               1:  # file: somedir/
               2:  # owner: lisa
               3:  # group: staff
Access section -- access control info
               4:  user::rwx
               5:  user:joe:rwx               #effective:r-x
               6:  group::rwx                 #effective:r-x
               7:  group:cool:r-x
               8:  mask:r-x
               9:  other:r-x
Default section -- inheritance info
              10:  default:user::rwx
              11:  default:user:joe:rwx       #effective:r-x
              12:  default:group::r-x
              13:  default:mask:r-x
              14:  default:other:---

       Lines  4, 6 and 9 correspond to the user, group and other fields of the file mode permission bits. These three are called the base ACL
       entries. Lines 5 and 7 are named user and named group entries. Line 8 is the effective rights mask. This entry  limits  the  effective
       rights granted to all groups and to named users. (The file owner and others permissions are not affected by the effective rights mask;
       all other entries are.)  Lines 10--14 display the default ACL associated with this directory. Directories may have a default ACL. Reg-
       ular files never have a default ACL.

       The  default behavior for getfacl is to display both the ACL and the default ACL, and to include an effective rights comment for lines
       where the rights of the entry differ from the effective rights.

Example 1. display only one section

 $ getfacl --access acltest
# file: acltest
# owner: john
# group: test1
user::rwx
user:john:rwx
user:Tim:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x

[john@ ]$ getfacl --access --omit-head acltest
user::rwx
user:john:rwx
user:Tim:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x

[john@ ]$ getfacl --default --omit-head acltest
user::rwx
user:john:rwx
user:Tim:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x
In above examples:
     --access
           Display the file access control list.

       -d, --default
           Display the default access control list.

       --omit-header
           Do not display the comment header (the first three lines of each file’s output).

Example 2: effective

$ getfacl --all-effective  --omit-head --access acltest
user::rwx
user:john:rwx            #effective:rwx
user:Tim:rwx            #effective:rwx
group::r-x            #effective:r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x
Description of above parameters -- default is to no-effective
      --all-effective
           Print all effective rights comments, even if identical to the rights defined by the ACL entry.

       --no-effective
           Do not print effective rights comments.

Example 3: -R, --recursive  List the ACLs of all files and directories recursively.

$ getfacl --all-effective --access -R acltest
# file: acltest
# owner: john
# group: test1
user::rwx
user:john:rwx            #effective:rwx
user:Tim:rwx            #effective:rwx
group::r-x            #effective:r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x

# file: acltest/johntest
# owner: john
# group: test1
user::rwx
user:john:rwx            #effective:rwx
user:Tim:rwx            #effective:rwx
group::r-x            #effective:r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x
...

Example 4: --skipt-base    Skip files that only have the base ACL entries (owner, group, others).

$ getfacl --skip-base --default --numeric *
# file: acltest
# owner: 18944
# group: 3373
user::rwx
user:18944:rwx
user:18945:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x

# file: simon
# owner: 501
# group: 501
user::rwx
user:103:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x

Example 5 --numeric , List numeric user and group IDs, see example above, I put example 4 5 together.



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