Acacia



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image by Arpit Deomurari

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Acacia colei Maslin & L.A.J.Thomson 

Images by Muthu Karthick N. and tspkumar
 
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image by Promila Chaturvedi

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images by Muthu Karthick, N & Dr. Santhan P. (legume photo)

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Vachellia eburnea (L. f.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. (Images by Darshan Kokate (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links)) 

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Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.  images by Prashant Awale



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Vachellia jacquemontii (Benth.) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.n(Images by Devendra Bhardwaj & Nadeem Waqif (Id by Tapas Chakrabarty & J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

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BinomialHabitNotesReferencesDistributionCommon name
Acacia armata R. Br. = Acacia paradoxa DC. TreeWestern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn ex Benth.Medium Sized TreePlains to Low Altitude, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districts 
Acacia baileyana F. v. Muell.TreeWestern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia caesia (L.) Willd.ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districtsIndu
Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. (syn. of Senegalia catechu)Mode rate sized treeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Kanniyakumari, Nilgiri, TheniKarungaali, Katchukattai, Senkarungaali
Acacia chundra (Roxb. ex Rottl.) Willd. (pl. see Senegalia catechu)Mode rate sized treePlains to Low Altitude, Dry ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districtsKarungaali
Acacia concurrens PedleyTreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983, Matthew, 1999Dindigul 
Acacia confusa Merr.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia cultriformis A. Cunn. ex G. DonTreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia dealbata LinkTreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, NilgiriSilvery Wattle
Acacia decora Reichb.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia decurrens (Wendl.) Willd.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983DindigulSemai Velampattai
Acacia eburnea (L.f.) Willd. = Vachellia eburnea (L. f.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Gamble, 1957; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, TirunelveliChilodai, Udaivel
Acacia elata Cunn. Ex Benth.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. = Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.Small tree or shrubPlains to Low Altitude, Cultivated and runs wild, Native of Tropical AmericaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Kancheepuram, Madurai, Salem, Thiruvallur,  Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli, Tiruvannamalai, VirudhunagarVeddayala 
Acacia ferruginea DC.TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983All districts 
Acacia grahamii VajraveluClimbing ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruchchirappalli 
Acacia hohenackeri Craib = Senegalia hohenackeri (Craib) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.ShrubWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia holosericea  A.Cunn. ShrubPlains to Low Altitude, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaMatthew, 1999All district  
Acacia homalophylla A. Cunn. ex Benth.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia horrida (L.f.) Willd. = Vachellia horrida (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr. TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, Madurai,  Ramanathapuram, Salem,  Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli, TiruvannamalaiKarodei, Odasithai, Anaimullu
Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd.TreePlains to Low Altitude, Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districtsVelvelam
Acacia longifolia Willd.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia maidenii F. v. Muell.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia mearnsii WildeTreeWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, Salem Chauvukku
Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests,  Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, NilgiriTherchavukku
Acacia myrtifolia Willd.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests,  Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia neriifolia A. Cunn. ex Benth.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests,  Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del. subsp. indica (Benth) Brenan = Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. Medium Sized TreePlains, CultivatedFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districtsKaruvelam
Acacia pennata (L.) Willd.ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districts Paerindu, Seengai
Acacia planifrons Wight & Arn. = Vachellia planifrons (Koenig ex Wight & Arnott) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests often CultivatedFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Gamble, 1957; Wealth of India, 1948; Matthew, 1983All districtsKodaivelam, Udai maram
Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunn ex G. Don.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia polyacantha Willd. = Senegalia polyacantha (Willd.) Seigler & EbingerMedium Sized TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Kancheepuram,  Nilgiri, Salem, Thiruvallur,  Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli,  Tiruvannamalai, Vellore 
Acacia pruinescens KurzArmed stragglerWestern Ghats, Moist Deciduous ForestsC. Murugan, V.S. Manicakm, G.J.Jothi & V. Sundareson, Rheedea 13: 71-72, 2003Tirunelveli 
Acacia pruinosa A. Cunn ex Benth.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia pulchella R. Br. TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia pycnantha Benth.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, Nilgiri 
Acacia retinodes Schlecht.TreeWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, Nilgiri 
Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. L. Wendl.  ShrubWestern Ghats, Evergreen Forests, Cultivated, Native of AustraliaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul 
Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr.ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Kanniyakumari, Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli, Tiruvannamalai  Sigaikaai, Seekai
Acacia tomentosa Willd.TreeDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Gamble, 1957Coimbatore, TirunelveliAanaimulli
Acacia torta (Roxb.) CraibShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Dindigul, Madurai,  Nilgiri, Salem, Tirunelveli, TiruvannamalaiIngi
Acacia verticillata Willd.TreeWestern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of Australia Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri 
Acacia wightii Baker = Vachellia wightii (Koenig ex Wight & Arnott) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.TreeCoastFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983;Gamble, 1957Tirunelveli 

 
Acacia albida = Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev.
Acacia cornigera= Vachellia cornigera (L.) Seigler & Ebinger
Acacia jacquemontii = Vachellia jacquemontii (Benth.) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.
Acacia mellifera= Senegalia mellifera (Vahl) Seigler & Ebinger
Acacia seyal var. seyal= Vachellia seyal (Delile) P. J. H. Hurter
Acacia sieberiana= Vachellia sieberiana (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Acacia sphaerocephala= Vachellia sphaerocephala (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger
Acacia tortilis = Vachellia tortilis (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi

 

Acacia catechu (L.F.) WILLD. = Senegalia catechu (L. f.) P. J. H. Hurter & Mabb.






Acacia jacquemontii BENTH. = Vachellia jacquemontii (Benth.) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.

Acacia modesta WALL. = Senegalia modesta (Wall.) P. J. H. Hurter


Acacia planifrons WIGHT & ARN. = Vachellia planifrons (Koenig ex Wight & Arnott) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin, comb. nov.







 
 
Botanical nameSynonymsFamilyCommon name
Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Earleaf Acacia
Acacia catechu (syn. of Senegalia catechu) Mimosa catechu, Acacia wallichiana Mimosaceae Cutch Tree
Acacia concinna Synonym of Senegalia rugata (Lam.) Britton & Rose Acacia hooperiana, Acacia sinuata, Mimosa concinna Mimosaceae Shikakai
Acacia confusa Mimosaceae Formosa Acacia
Acacia farnesiana = Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.  Acacia acicularis, Acacia minuta, Mimosa farnesiana Mimosaceae Mimosa Bush
Acacia ferruginea Mimosa ferruginea Mimosaceae Rusty Acacia
Acacia leucophloea Mimosa leucophloea Mimosaceae White Bark Acacia
Acacia mangium Racosperma mangium, Mangium montanum Mimosaceae Hickory Wattle
Acacia mearnsii Mimosaceae Black Wattle
Acacia melanoxylon Acacia arcuata, Acacia melanoxylum, Mimosa melanoxylon, Mimosa melanoxylum Mimosaceae Australian Blackwood
Acacia nilotica ssp. tomentosa = Vachellia nilotica subsp. tomentosa (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. Acacia arabica var. tomentosa, Acacia nilotica var. tomentosa Mimosaceae Tomentose Babool
Acacia nilotica subsp. indica = Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. Mimosaceae Babool
Acacia pennata Mimosa pennata, Acacia pendata, Acacia delavayi Mimosaceae Climbing Acacia
Acacia senegal = Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton Acacia verekMimosaceae Gum Arabic Tree
Acacia torta Mimosa torta, Acacia intsia, Acacia caesia Mimosaceae Twisted Acacia



An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India By K. M. Matthew (1995- Details with Keys-
Acacia chundra (Rottler) Willd. (pl. see Senegalia catechu)
Acacia horrida = Vachellia horrida (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.,
Acacia polyacantha Willd.= Senegalia polyacantha (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger,

Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993- Details with keys-


Agro Forestry In India By K G Tejwani (2002- Details-
 
Acacia, Senegalia & Vachellia : 1 post by 1 author.

I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Acacia, Senegalia & Vachellia  

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

Any comments/ corrections are welcome.



Acacia or not acacia : 7 posts by 4 authors.
There seems to be a transition happening in the Acacia genus - it being split into different genus's viz. Acacia, Senegalia, Vachellia, Racosperma and some others. There seem to be conflicting schemes and it is not clear to me whether any particular scheme has been adopted overall or when this issue is likely to be resolved.
I would like to know what the position of the experts in the efloraofindia group is regarding this issue.
I am particularly concerned with species like Babul or Acacia nilotica, Khair or Acacia catechu, Kumtha or Acacia senegalia and the introduced Australian Acacias.
Thank you for your opinion and confusion.  An unpublished Census of Fabaceae in India is available with me and my special interest here is the genus Acacia sensu lato which has undergone a drastic overhauling in recent past.  It is true that the morphological differences between the segregate genera are not available at one place but they are scattered in literature.  I am at present trying to prepare a revised treatment for India but this needs some time due to my other preoccupations  which also demand time and priority.
In the mean time, if you have got  any confusion, please do mention and if you have images, please share them here, even if posted earlier, for further comments, if any.
I am attaching herewith two manuscripts.  Please go through them and I hope that you will be able to clarify some of your doubts raised here.
We must admit that the latest trend in angiosperm taxonomy is molecular phylogenetic studies and the same are being widely accepted, though the results (both splitting and mergers) sometimes are unable to explain and correlate with the traditional taxonomic treatments, based on morphological differences.
What to do?
Wardill etal Acacia genetics 2005.pdf
Maslin (2015), Gardens Bull. Singapore.pdf
I am indeed moved by your concern to solve the taxonomical issues. All the best
Thank you ... for the references - im going thru them
Thank you for the papers. Beyond splitting and lumping ... the molecular examinations will also yield other very useful data. i hope i live long enough to see it
Yes ... , The process of Evolution is indeed very very complex.


Re-appraisal of the Taxonomy of Acacia holosericea, Including the Description of a New Species, A. colei, and the Reinstatement of A. neurocarpa B. R. Maslin* and L. A. J. Thomson (pdf)

Fwd: An article on 'Acacias' : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)- 519 kb. 
I am enclosing herewith an article published in 'Blackbuck" long ago. Of course I have authored it. Now, the names would have been changed.