Key to the species of Excoecaria in India is as follows: 1a. Plants dioecious, of mangrove or littoral areas; leaves alternate, with basally two glands in the margin at either side of the petiole; male flowers in very dense catkins 2. E. agallocha b. Plants monoecious, of interior forest areas; leaves alternate or opposite, without basal glands in the margin; male flowers in open racemes or in heads 2 2a. Leaves opposite or at least partly opposite 3 b. Leaves entirely alternate 5 3a. Leaves all opposite, green beneath; inflorescences with one type of flowers only, male inflorescences 3.5 - 22 cm long; fruits slightly depressed and shallowly lobed, usuallylarger, 1 - 6 cm in diam. 4 b. Leaves alternate or opposite, wine-red beneath; inflorescences with basally a few female flowers and apically many male ones; male inflorescences 1 - 3 cm long; fruits much depressed and deeply lobed, smaller, up to 1 cm in diam.(cult.) E. cochinchinensis 4a. Branchlets mostly flattened or tetragonous; male inflorescences 3.5 – 8 cm long; fruits 1 – 3 cm in diam.3. E. crenulata b.Branchlets mostly terete; male inflorescences 5 – 22 cm long; fruits 4 – 6 cm in diam. 5. E. oppositifolia 5a. Leaves larger, 25 - 32 x 8 - 11 cm; petioles 3 - 4 cm long 6. E. rectinervis b. Leaves smaller, 2.5 - 16 x 1 - 5 cm; petioles 0.2 - 3 cm long 6 6a. Leaves closely and regularly serrulate along margins; lateral nerves close, parallel, conspicuously raised on the upper surface; tertiary nerves closely parallel and running predominantly at right angles to the midrib; fruits 1.5 - 1.8 cm in diam.1. E. acerifolia b. Leaves distantly repand-serrulate along margins; lateral nerves distant and arcuate, obscure or faint on the upper surface; tertiary nerves laxly reticulate; fruits up to 1 cm in diam. 4. E. cuspidata Species as per Flora of India Vol 23 (Editors N. P. Balakrishnan, T. Chakrabarty, M. Sanjappa, P. Lakshminarsimhan & P. Singh- by Botanical Survey of India (2012)): Excoecaria acerifolia Didr. Excoecaria agallocha L. Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. (Cultivated) Excoecaria crenulata Wight Excoecaria cuspidata (Müll.Arg.) Chakrab. & M.Gangop. Excoecaria oppositifolia Griff. Excoecaria rectinervis (Kurz) Kurz |
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