Cyanotis


Cyanotis adscendens Dalzell (Images by (Anurag Sharma - Id by Mayur Nandikar) & (Niyas Palakkal - Id by Mayur Nandikar))- C. pillosa is very close to C. adscendens, but C. adscendens is with fusiform tuberous root, few flowered inflorescence and plant of high elevation.
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Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B.Clarke (Images by (Badri Narayanan - validation by Mayur Nandikar)
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Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D.Don ex Sweet-  Differences: Cyanotis fasciculata: Section Encyanotis-cymes enclosed in biseriate falcately lanceolate imbricating bracteoles; annual, dwarf, decumbent, floccosely silky or hairy; leaves linear or lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm long; petals rose-purple; capsule oblong. Cyanotis axillaris: section ochreaeflora-flowers axillary in sheaths of leaves, bracteoles small not imbricating;annual, sparsely hairy or glabrous; leaves 5-15 cm long; petals blue 
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Cyanotis beddomei (Hook.f.) Govaerts ? (Image by Subhajyoti Roy - Id by Mahadeswara Swamy)  
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Cyanotis cristata (L.) D.Don

(Images by Bhagyashri Ranade (1,2,3) & Karuna Kanta Das (4)) 

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Cyanotis fasciculata (B.Heyne ex Roth) Schult. & Schult.f. - Differences: Cyanotis fasciculata: Section Encyanotis-cymes enclosed in biseriate falcately lanceolate imbricating bracteoles; annual, dwarf, decumbent, floccosely silky or hairy; leaves linear or lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm long; petals rose-purple; capsule oblong. Cyanotis axillaris: section ochreaeflora-flowers axillary in sheaths of leaves, bracteoles small not imbricating;annual, sparsely hairy or glabrous; leaves 5-15 cm long; petals blue 

(Images by Bhagyashri Ranade)  

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(Images by Mayur Nandikar & Muthu Karthick, (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))- Although C. pillosa is the traditional name that has been applied to this species, but I didn't find extreme pilose leaf surfaces, it has very similar leaf surfaces like other Cyanotis species. This species is very close to C. adscendens, but C. adscendens is with fusiform tuberous root, few flowered inflorescence and plant of high elevation
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Cyanotis thwaitesii Hassk. (Images by (Balkar Singh - Id by Manudev Mahadevan), (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))- The species is close to Cyanotis fasciculata, C. fasciculata var. rosea and Cyanotis glabrescens but differs in its perennial habit, somewhat rosette leaves and most common thing in this complex cobwebby hairs .............
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https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/17c0cd5d163083c0/Cyanotis%20tuberosa-Greater%20Cat%20Ears-Abhali.JPG?part=0.5&view=1&vt=ANaJVrH0Efb0QxylDyhqcmAGepX0qtbsDbfV72BeA19kopqHdddqMxxS79HlDMY0t5Hczwbe_p2NQjqtmaagoFIQf3uWPshs4NeDp1puPijDx3NNw-lEcQI
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/146c4d3ca0037d82/cyanotis%20arachn1%20-%20Copy.JPG?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHELLNGryMYX8fFF8wHQVHW_p3HmVIrlvfxOqk7AOBAUhjQz2tM60HMt93QAIWSWdoDGSLVIItoeDDfYq2XP2UPIazUNIiE5JHH3glqad5pvPXCu4k
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/9207a39927b5d3be/Commelinaceae%201.jpg?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHSwHqD1pi34uSgu4OBSa5mmz8nFj2O2yLe6KT1dqMZnOGQiF7jEbAdhZN2LrxALDoiPaNG9ucy7Gh8OE8mTZ0GeOiOdEfnK_POvcSzGLDv_NyY9hc
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/164e2c598cc9286d/Cyanotis%20tuberosa1.jpg?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGRY7gDjql-80bxfu3wySJ7uYeAiG0A4rxy5fiv_OeBLzYJ-MPaZsdDuzOEKRaKQyOV16_eynrsXbgCAj8OGcV1uITifeiRVBFmua4RZkchhtPfZNk
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/17c0cd5d163083c0/Greater%20cat%20ears%205.JPG?part=0.3&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHKUomWjP58WvT4wNGMcYYPYSzmxJokg0Vp5vOarexaP-4YQsERQh4vlk45VhPORetwvnI4f2DERrHOZ5jh3eo1RJ9oyDVSQEpVqDKiv7CL20awFKw
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/180548d12a34f822/Cyanotis%20tuberosaIMG_6118.JPG?part=0.4&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHV7pju9m1nf8yA-odvwbJbAT--AqwKGUcZ2reFay6oHy0keDbbrY6zb4iocjiBiLutS5_Iep-RyyMK-z2p3dRqTQtiUkbbo1b4w--1bmQTizF-41c
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/180548d12a34f822/Cyanotis%20tuberosaIMG_6131.JPG?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrF-vDBBdz4QrRlADkvNx5wpUxF4ZGNb0Zg-dVRjwotmEhqFX7w-yHLn96sIZKc31zQldWnuH1M0y4eI7XlsMxSexngnYGVM9SnJbsOKrvm4K84Z9pI
 
Cyanotis vaga (Lour.) Schult. & Schult.f. (Images by Gurcharan Singh & Karuna Kanta Das, (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))- Scandent to erect herb distinct from C. cristata in linear-lanceolate (not ovate-oblong) leaves, longer bracteoles 5-10 mm (against 5 mm) and oblong 4 mm long sepals (against linear-oblong, 3 mm) and lacking falcate spathes, flower clusters axillary as well as terminal.   
https://groups.google.com/group/indiantreepix/attach/5a2dea42a7259810/Cyanotis-barbata-Mussoorie-Chakrata%20road%20near%20Kalsi-2.jpg?part=0.1&authuser=0&view=1
https://groups.google.com/group/indiantreepix/attach/5a2dea42a7259810/Cyanotis-barbata-Mussoorie-Chakrata%20road%20near%20Kalsi-3.jpg?part=0.2&authuser=0&view=1
https://groups.google.com/group/indiantreepix/attach/5a2dea42a7259810/Cyanotis-barbata-Mussoorie%20Chakrata%20Road-Near%20Kalsi-1.jpg?part=0.3&authuser=0&view=1
https://groups.google.com/group/indiantreepix/attach/68549dec532c9557/2._Cyanotis__sp.__IMG_3366.jpg?part=0.2&authuser=0&view=1

Cyanotis vivipara Dalzell (SW. India as per POWO)
https://groups.google.com/group/indiantreepix/attach/175bc221baf99/DSC_1113_01%20-%20Copy.JPG?part=0.1&authuser=0&view=1
 

Based on the various efloraindia discussion on Cyanotis species, some typical attributes which one could use for initial identification could be as below. I would appreciate if you could comment on this.
tuberosa : Stem, leaves, bracts hirsute, but leaf upper lamina glabrous, rossette leaves, stem leaves linear/lanceolate, condensed scorpioid cyme
cristata: Stem, leaves glabrous, condensed scorpiod cyme (also bracketed with C.cerifolia)
fasciculata : stem leaves puberulous, inflorescence: fasciculate (hence no crown like structure ??)
axillaris: solitary flower; in leaf axils, plant glabrous

Fwd: A Revision of the Genus Cyanotis D. Don (Commelinaceae) in India by Mayur D. Nandikar* and Rajaram V. Gurav : 10 posts by 9 authors. Attachments (1)- Revision of the Genus Cyanotis in India.pdf
I considered always eFlora as a platform to discuss about plant wealth and the diversity which we have in India and adjoining. I may not be active all the times but never forgot to respond whenever I felt that I am much sure about the ID. Generated database will definitely going be stand as a primary data source in Indian Floral history.
I am very fortunate to being part of this group. Recently one of my paper got published, and much of the discussion about the population and diversity of genus Cyanotis, including one photograph of Cyanotis arachnoidea are produced from our group discussion. Please find a copy of it, at initial stage Gurucharan Sir helps a lot to make MS flawless. Thank you all for the efforts which have been taken by group members, to achieve this height. Wishing you a very great year for eFlora family!
Congrats ... for publishing this much-needed revision.
Congrats ... We have been observing you partly during the process.
Congratulation for your efforts a good manuscript has been published.
The manuscript includes only 13 taxa when there are more than 16 species from India mostly from Southern part of India. Hope other taxonomy of other taxa will also be explored at an earliest
Thank you all for nice words, and off course as ... rightly pointed out that all the group members are witnessed of this. Definitely this is possible due to the knowledge offered by group people, especially ..., he has given the shape to MS while reviewing it.
..., though most of the Indian literature are enumerated more than 16 species with more than 30 binomials, we concluded that most of the species are merely ecotypes and therefore have been synonymised. Especially three groups are critically revisited viz. arachnoida, burmanniana and tubersoa. We tried to cite most of the binomials attached to the Indian Cyanotis,


From Floral Database of Tamilnadu :

  

BinomialHabitNotesReferencesDistribution

Cyanotis adscendens Dalz.HerbWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Dindigul, Salem
Cyanotis arachnoidea Clarke var. arachnoidea HerbWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Moist Deciduous o Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Kanniyakumari, Madurai, Namakkal, Nilgiri,  Salem,  Tirunelveli, Tiruvannamalai, Virudhunagar
Cyanotis arachnoidea Clarke var. thwaitesii (Hassk.) R. Rao & KammathyHerbWestern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Tirunelveli
Cyanotis arcotensis R. RaoHerbPlains, Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Kancheepuram, Thanjavur, Thiruvallur,   Tirunelveli, Tiruvannamalai
Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D. DonHerbPlains, Moist/Marsh LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989All districts
Cyanotis burmanniana WightHerbWestern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore
Cyanotis concanensis Hassk. is a syn. of Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schult. & Schult.f. HerbWestern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Nilgiri
Cyanotis cristata (L.) D. DonHerbPlains to Low Altitude, Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989All districts
Cyanotis cucullata (Roth) KuntzeHerbPlains, Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Tiruchchirappalli,  Tiruvannamalai, Vellore
Cyanotis fasciculata (Heyne ex Roth) Schultes & Schultes HerbPlains to Low Altitude, Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Dindigul , Nilgiri,  Salem,  Viluppuram, Tiruvannamalai
Cyanotis obtusa TrimenHerbWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Moist Deciduous to Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989; R. Rao, 1966Namakkal, Salem, Theni, Tirunelveli
Cyanotis papilionacea (L.) Schultes & SchultesHerbPlains , Moist LocalitiesFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Kancheepuram, Thanjavur, Thiruvallur, Tirunelveli
Cyanotis pilosa Schultes & Schultes HerbWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Moist Deciduous to Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Dindigul, Nilgiri, Salem, Tirunelveli, Tiruvannamalai
Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schultes & Schultes HerbDry Evergreen to Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989; Barnes, 1938Coimbatore, Dindigul, Kancheepuram, Nilgiri, Salem, Thiruvallur, Tirunelveli, Vellore
Cyanotis villosa (Spreng.) Schultes & SchultesHerbWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Moist Deciduous to EvergreenFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Coimbatore, Dindigul, Kanniyakumari,  Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli
Cyanotis wightii Clarke is a synonym of Cyanotis pilosa Schult. & Schult.f. HerbWestern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. III, 1989Dindigul, Nilgiri


 
Botanical nameSynonymsFamilyCommon name
Cyanotis arachnoidea Cyanotis bodinieri Commelinaceae Grass of the Dew
Cyanotis cristata Commelinaceae Nabhali
Cyanotis fasciculata Commelinaceae Nilwanti
Cyanotis somaliensis Commelinaceae Pussy Ears
Cyanotis tuberosa Commelinaceae Greater Cat Ears
Cyanotis vaga   Commelinaceae Wandering Dew-Grass

 


Flora of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India (2000)- Details with keys- p.334 & 337-
Cyanotis cucullata (Roth) Kunth

A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon -, Volume 14 edited by M. D. Dassanayake (2000)- Great details with keys-
Cyanotis obtusa (Trimen) Trimen

Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)-
p. 224 & 226-

Gardening in India By George Marshall Woodrow, G Marshall (1999)-

Biodiversity in India, Volume 2 edited by T. Pullaiah (2003)- IUCN Red List Category & flowering period- p.51-
Cyanotis cerifolia R.S.Rao & Kammathy
Cyanotis fasciculata var. glabrescens C.B.Clarke is a synonym of Cyanotis fasciculata (B.Heyne ex Roth) Schult. & Schult.f.

Cyanotis : 1 post by 1 author.

I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Cyanotis

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible.

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful.

Any comments/ corrections are welcome.


1 or 2 species were done by ...

Pl. go through ‎Cyanotis (‎‎Commelinaceae) page with images of species (mainly done by ...) in efloraofindia.

If you find any mis-identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, it will be really nice.

Also, if anybody is interested to take up the activity of inserting images on efloraofindia pages from efloraofindia posts, pl. let us know.