Gymnosporia


 


Gymnosporia emarginata (Willd.) Thwaites (As per efi thread (Gymnosporia emarginata is now considered an endemic species to southern India and Sri Lanka, and have relatively small leaves with usually a small notch in the leaf apex or is acute. The base of leaves are cordate and almost sessile or very short petioles. Gymnosporia montana is closely related to Gymnosporia senegalensis but has larger and broader leaves. This grows in the southern India. Gymnosporia senegalensis is a widespread species from South Africa, whole of Africa to Pakistan and North Western India. This has usually narrower leaves)

 
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I confirmed this with Ms Jordaan, the authority on the genus Gymnosporia. ..... According to a number of studies it is now very clear there is no species of Maytenus in India or anywhere else but South America.   

 
In Flora of India Vol-5. (Eds.-N.P.Singh, J.N.Vohra, P.K.Hajra and D.K. Singh; published by Botanical Survey of India) the account of Indian Celastraceae is written by K. Ramamurthy.
As per this document Ramamurthy (2000) following species of Maytenus occur in India:
  1. Maytenus bailadillana (Narayan. & Mooney) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia bailadillana V.Naray. & Mooney)
  2. M. championii (Dunn) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia championii Dunn)
  3. M. emarginata (Willd.) Ding Hou (syn. of Gymnosporia emarginata)
  4. M. falconeri (M. Lowson) M.A. Rau [var. falconeri; var. kanjilalii] (M. falconeri (M. Lowson) M.A. Rau is a syn. of Gymnosporia falconeri M.A.Lawson)
  5. M. gibsonii (Kurz.) Naithani & Sas Biswas
  6. M. heyneana (Roth) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia heyneana (Roth) M.A.Lawson)
  7. M. hookeri Loes.
  8. M. listeri (Prain) Raju & Babu
  9. M. ovatus (Wallich ex Wight & Arn.) Loes [synonym of Gymnosporia buchananii Loes.]
  10. M. puberula (M.Lowson) Loes. (syn. of Gymnosporia puberula)
  11. M. rothiana (Wight & Arn.) Bennett & Sahni (syn. of Gymnosporia rothiana )
  12. M. royleanus (Wallich ex M.Lawson) M.A.Rau [synonym of Gymnosporia royleana Wallich ex M.A.Lawson]
  13. M. rufa (Wallich) Cufod [var. latifolia; var. rufa] (Maytenus rufa (Wallich) Cufodont is a syn. of Gymnosporia rufa (Wallich) M. A. Lawson in J. D. Hooker)
  14. M. senegalensis (Lam.) Exell [synonym of Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes.]
  15. M. sikkimensis (Prain) Raju & Babu
  16. M. simonsii Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia salicifolia M.A.Lawson)
  17. M. thomsonii (Kurz) Raju & Babu = Gymnosporia thomsonii Kurz
  18. M. wallichii (G.Don) Bennett & Sahni
Scrutiny of these names in The Plant List 2013 indicate some of them as synonyms.

  
Reinstatement of Gymnosporia (Celastraceae): implications for the Flora Malesiana region Marie Jordaan and A.E. van Wyk Pdf): Telopea 10(1): 155–167.
Abstract- The reinstatement of the genus Gymnosporia, comprising all the spiny members previously included in the genus Maytenus, has implications for the Flora Malesiana region. An account is given of six species and two varieties in the region (Gymnosporia curtisii, G. diversifolia, G. inermis, G. littoralis, G. nitida, G. spinosa var. spinosa and var. parva). The new combination G. littoralis (Backer) Jordaan is made (based on Gymnosporia montana var. littoralis) and a neotype and lectotype designated for two other taxa. G. emarginata from India and Sri Lanka is also included since this name was previously misapplied to plants in the Flora Malesiana region. Maytenus rapakir is mentioned as probably belonging to Gymnosporia. Maytenus cupularis, which has a racemose inflorescence, is related to the Australian species of Maytenus s. lat. and is retained in Maytenus.
 
An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India  By K. M. Matthew (1995- Details with keys-
Maytenus ovata (Wall ex Wight & Arn.) Loes. (syn. of  Gymnosporia buchananii )
 
Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) Ding Hou (syn. of Gymnosporia emarginata) with Celastrus emarginatus Willd., Celastrus montanus Roth, Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bentham, Gymnosporia emarginata (Willd.) Thwaites as synonyms. 
Maytenus rothiana (Walpers) Lobr.-Callen (syn. of Gymnosporia rothiana) with Catha rothiana Walp., Celastrus serrulatus Roth & Gymnosporia rothiana (Walp.) Lawson as synonyms. 

 
Maytenus bailadillana (Narayan. & Mooney) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia bailadillana V.Naray. & Mooney)
Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) Ding Hou (syn. of Gymnosporia emarginata)
Maytenus heyneana (Roth) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia heyneana (Roth) M.A.Lawson)
M. hookeri Loes. (syn. Gymnosporia acuminata Hook.f.; Maytenus acuminata (L.f.) Loes.) 
Maytenus kurzii,
Maytenus rothiana (Walpers) Lobr.-Callen (syn. of Gymnosporia rothiana)
Maytenus rufa (Wall.) Hara (syn. of Gymnosporia rufa)

 
 
Binomial Habit Notes References Distribution Common name
Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) Ding Hou (syn. of Gymnosporia emarginata)ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983All districtsKattanji
Maytenus heyneana (Roth) Raju & Babu (syn. of Gymnosporia heyneana (Roth) M.A.Lawson)ShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Gamble, 1957; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Madurai, Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruchchirappalli, Tiruvannamalai, Viluppuram Nandunaarai
Maytenus ovata (Wall ex Wight & Arn.) Loes. (syn. of  Gymnosporia buchananii )ShrubWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Madurai, Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruvannamalai,  Vellore 
Maytenus rufa (Wall.) Hara (syn. of Gymnosporia rufa)ShrubWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Dry Deciduous ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Tiruvannamalai, Vellore 
Maytenus wallichiana (Wight & Arn.) Raju & BabuShrubDry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983 Kanniyakumari, Virudhunagar , Tirunelveli  

 

Species with description & pictures in Flowers of India as on 13.1.14:

 
Botanical name Synonyms Family Common name
Maytenus puberula (syn. of Gymnosporia puberula)Gymnosporia puberulaCelastraceae Konkan Spike Thorn
Maytenus rothiana (syn. of Gymnosporia rothiana )Catha rothiana, Gymnosporia rothianaCelastraceae Roth's Spike Thorn
Gymnosporia royleana Maytenus royleana, Euonymus spinosus, Celastrus royleanusCelastraceae Royle's Spike Thorn
Gymnosporia rufa Celastraceae Rusty Spike Thorn
Gymnosporia senegalensis Celastrus senegalensis, Maytenus emarginata, Celastrus montana, Maytenus senegalensisCelastraceae Red Spike Thorn


 
  • Maytenus wallichiana (Spreng.) Raju & Babu

  •  

    I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Gymnosporia

    Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other databases/ books.

    Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

    Any comments are welcome.


    Great work ... salutes to your tireless efforts....
     
    Gymnosporia & Meytenus 1 post by 1 author.
    I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Gymnosporia & Maytenus in view of Dr. Archer saying that "According to a number of studies it is now very clear there is no species of Maytenus in India or anywhere else but South America. " 

    Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.

    Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

    Any comments are welcome.


    I have added list of Indian species of Maytenus as per the Flora of India vol-5.
    Some of them are now placed in Gymnosporia genus, some are accepted in Maytenus genus while some are unresolved names in The Plant List 2013.