Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott, Melet. Bot. 17 1832. (Syn: Arisaema commutatum Schott; Arisaema curvatum (Roxb.) Kunth; Arisaema curvatum Hook.; Arisaema filiforme Thwaites [Illegitimate]; Arisaema helleborifolium Schott; Arisaema neglectum Schott; Arisaema sivadasanii Yadav, Patil & Janarthanam; Arisaema steudelii Schott; Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum (Roxb.) Engl.; Arisaema tortuosum var. helleborifolium (Schott) Engl.; Arisaema tortuosum var. neglectum (Schott) Fisch.; Arisaema tortuosum var. steudelii (Schott) Engl.; Arisaema wightii Hook.f.; Arum curvatum Roxb.; Arum tortuosum Wall.); Sapkanda, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Whipcord Cobra Lily • Hindi: Bagh Jandhra • Marathi: Sardacha-jad • Kannada: Katu senai, Amu-mani-gidda • Konkani: Sarpache-kamdo; Perennial herb with 2-3 pedatisect leaves with 5-18 linear-lanceolate segments, 10-15 cm long green to purplish spathe with gradually narrowed tip, spadix with very long curved brownish tail. Arisaema concinnnum has an even shorter appendix that hardly prortrudes the spathe mouth. Apart from that, it is from a different section with a radiatisect leaflets ("parasol type"), not a pedatisect leaf like tortuosum or jacqemontii. A feature to look out for when comparing the leaves of jacquemontii and tortuosum is the presence of a rachis in tortuosum, a "sub" leaf stalk on which the lateral leaflets are attached, in jacquemontii the leaves are more or less attached to a central point, in tortuosum the lateral leaflets are attached to this axis. Although the axis can be short in some forms of tortuosum, it is always present. It is also worth noting that the flowers of jacquemontii are either male or female, the flowers of tortuosum are either male or bisexual. But for that you need to open up the spathe tube so that is side information. In N India and the Himalayas there is only one species that has a pseudostem with 2 or more pedatisect leaves showing a substalk (rachis) on which the leaflets are arranged AND an inflorescence with a upward facing, elephant trunk like appendix and that is tortuosum. .... The leaflets can be broad and often with ruffled edges (sometimes referred to as helleborifolium) or narrow and almost lanceolate (referred to as curvatum and predominantly present in W Himalaya). The pseudostems can range from all green to heavily striated showing the variation characteristic of widespread species. In S India the tortuose appendix occurs in more species with 2 having a single leaf (neglectum and sivadasanii) and 1 with 2 or more leaves (tortuosum). Both single leaved species are mostly confined to Maharashtra state but tortuosum occurs in more states. Sivadasanii is late flowering but still has a green inflorescence combined with a very short rachis whereas neglectum ranges from green to brown-beige flowered. Arisaema spp for id pls From Solan
This plant is Arisaema erubescens .... I am quit confident due to its typical leaf character This is the narrow leaved form of Arisaema tortuosum, previously described as Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum. The broad leaved form was described as var. helleborifolium but both varieties are now considered to be extremes within the variational range of the widespread Arisaema tortuosum. Arisaema erubescens has radiatiasect leaves and a truncate appendix that does not portrude the spathe mouth, this in contrast to the tortuose (elephant trunk like) appendix of the plant on the pictures. Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum I have no idea about the current status of the name. It can be compared with Arisaema tortuosum here In current Arisaema research we are very hesitant to distinguish varieties based on leaf forms if the species itself is a highly polymorphic and widespread species, do remember that Arisaema tortuosum is distributed from Himachal Pradesh in the west of the Himalays to China in the east and further south in S India and Sri Lanka and therefore shows many characters that do vary due to local growing conditions. The presence or absence of stem markings for instance. Or the color of the appendix. Only some local manifestations are sufficiently different to describe them as a variety like Arisaema sivadasanii which is now reduced to A. tortuosum var. sivadasanii. Arisaema neglectum which sometimes is described as a variety of tortuosum however is in my view a true species. DNA research has proved that the tortuose appendix of section Tortuosa is polyphyletic which means that, although species might have the same appendix and show visible similarities, genetically they are not necessarily closely related and that the upright appendix might have originated independently. Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum and var. helleborifolium by most authors on Arisaema taxonomy are no longer recognised as separate varieties for more than a decade. Location- Place, Altitude - Kaiga , Uttar Kannada ,Karnataka, 380 mtrs
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- wild Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb- Herb Height/Length-1m This is Sapkanda [Arisaema neglectum]. Will send my photographs of this later. snakes.. no doubt because of it's shape.. Location Kalatope, Chamba Altitude 2100mts Habit herb Habitat wild Plant height 18 inches season now may be Arisaema tortuosum
Perhaps Arisaema jacquemontii A good link on Arisaema I also think this is not Arisaema tortuosum rather Arisaema jacquemontii This is Arisaema tortuosum. Forms from W Himalaya tend to have more narrow linear leaflets (previosuly called var. curvatum) than the broader leaflets of the E Himalaya forms (previously called var. helleboriffolium). They also occur at slightly higher altutudes in W Himalaya. Arisaema jacquemontii does not have an upward facing, elephant trunk like, appendix, its appendix is pointing forward or slightly bent downwards and does not extend beyond the spathe blade. 2100 meter would also be a very low altitude for this species, jacquemontii generally occurs from 2700 meter upwards. Also the number of leaflets is lower, generally upto 7 (-9). Thanks a lot dear ... for detailed analysis and pointing out larger number of leaflets. I find Arisaema curvatum Kunth (under A. tortuosum Schott. in FBI) described from the area in Flora Simlensis. It has 7-13 unequal pedate leaflets, linear-lanceolate; spathe pale green, finely ribbed, ending in long pointed tip; spadix ending into green tail like appendage (base purple), strongly curved near base and then turning up. I think this fits with this plant. Your expert opinion please. copying a linkshowing the picture of Arisaema jacquemonti. Am not sure if the source is reliable. http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ArisaemaSpeciesThree It is possibly Arisaema concinnum , giving the link below http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ArisaemaSpeciesOne It is definitely not A. jacquemontii, which does not have more than 7 leaflets. A. concinnum has almost dark brown spathe with stron veins. The description clearly matches with A. curvatum from Flora Simlensis. It is another matter whether this species deserves an independent status or not. ..., The pictures source is reliable, that is indeed jacquemontii but do check the appendix of the flower in the background. It is not the appendix but the spathe tip that is prortruding upwards with jacquemontii, the appendix of jacquemontii is shorter than the spathe blade. Do also check some other pictures of this species on the internet and you will see the distinct appendix that is never as s- shaped turning upwards as the plant from ... Arisaema concinnnum has an even shorter appendix that hardly prortrudes the spathe mouth. Apart from that, it is from a different section with a radiatisect leaflets ("parasol type"), not a pedatisect leaf like tortuosum or jacqemontii. A feature to look out for when comparing the leaves of jacquemontii and tortuosum is the presence of a rachis in tortuosum, a "sub" leaf stalk on which the lateral leaflets are attached, in jacquemontii the leaves are more or less attached to a central point, in tortuosum the lateral leaflets are attached to this axis. Although the axis can be short in some forms of tortuosum, it is always present. It is also worth noting that the flowers of jacquemontii are either male or female, the flowers of tortuosum are either male or bisexual. But for that you need to open up the spathe tube so that is side information. It is correct the plant from ... is conform the description of Arisaema curvatum in Flora Simlensis but the distinctive character that set curvatum apart from tortuosum was the more narrow, linear lanceolate leaflets. In current literature Arisaema curvatum is not recognised as a separate taxon anymore and is a full synonym of tortuosum. Tortuosum is a very widespread species and as a consequence, highly polymorphic with many variants, both in the Himalayas as well as in S India. The flower shape and presence of the S-shaped upward appendix is always present, the main variation is in the other plant parts. The most important reason why all the variants are no longer considered separate taxa is that the variation seems to be continuous, the absence of stable characters or character-sets does not allow them to warrant a separate taxonomic status. Hope this helps. Beautiful pictures. I can see the tiny flowers on the central axis Thanks ... Only visualised the flowers [and was therefore able to photograph them] because the leaf of this specimen had accidently fallen off. 1 AUG 12 Most beautiful Cobra Lily... so long tongue............ Date/Time: 06-08-2012/ 11:40AM The leaf and type of infrutescence are typical for Arisaema tortuosum, further evidence of this ID can be found in the remnants of the (shriveled) male flowers and long appendix. Araceae, Arecaceae and Zingiberaceae Fortnight: August 1 to 14, 2014 : Araceae : Arisaema tortuosum : Nainital : 140814 : AK-19 : 4 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1). A very old scanned picture, posted on our group earlier. Correctly identified.. This is Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Thanks ... These were identified on our group earlier. Araceae, Arecaceae and Zingiberaceae Fortnight: Araceae-:: Araceae sp-S2 ---near Joshimath :: PKA14:: 4 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (3). Looks like some Araceae sp. near Joshimath. Date/Time: 06-08-2012/ 11:40AM Looks like Arisaema tortuosum, however, experts may suggest correct ID. Correctly identified I hope Arisaema tortuosum Yes, no doubt, 100% typical Arisaema tortuosum. Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott, Melet. 1: 17. 1832. Perennial herb with 2-3 pedatisect leaves with 5-18 linear-lanceolate segments, 10-15 cm long green to purplish spathe with gradually narrowed tip, spadix with very long curved brownish tail. Photographed from forest near Ukhimath in Uttarakhand. Excellent Shots Sir Arisaema sp. with pedate leaves having up to 10 leaflets photographed from Chakrata Deovan Road. Please help in ID. This could be a fruiting plant of Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott I agree with ..., the leaf shape and nature of the infrutescence are conform Arisaema tortuosum. Arisaema tortuosum var. tortuosum (fruiting plant) from Himachal. [Dist. Mandi: 1700 m asl] Arisaema tortuosum var. tortuosum (=A. helleborifolium) from Himachal. [Shikari Devi, Dist. Mandi: 1900 m asl] Arisaema tortuosum var. tortuosum from Himachal. [Bharmour, Dist. Chamba: 2100 m asl]. The species seems to show large morpho-variation in respect of size of plant as well as of leaves. This one was also shot from Sikkim, the spathe is without any markings.. cannot say if this is one of my earlier uploads or different.. your views are requested... Similar to earlier post, This is the polymorphic species Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott This is Arisaema tortuosum too but the more leathery leaflets and purple edges of the rim of the spathe I have only seen in the lowland form that grows in W Bengal on the slopes near Coronation Bridge, not at the higher altitudes in Sikkim, near which place and what altitude was this picture taken? Thanks ... These images were recorded from Pelling in West Sikkim, altitude around 7200 ft.. Identification of this Arisaema is requested.. Can this A. tortuosum ?? This is Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Please note the pedate leaves and long exserted sigmoid spadix appendix. In N India and the Himalayas there is only one species that has a pseudostem with 2 or more pedatisect leaves showing a substalk (rachis) on which the leaflets are arranged AND an inflorescence with a upward facing, elephant trunk like appendix and that is tortuosum. Any species having this combination of characters from N India is Arisaema tortuosum so yes, the plant on the pictures is tortuosum. The leaflets can be broad and often with ruffled edges (sometimes referred to as “helleborifolium) or narrow and almost lanceolate (referred to as “curvatum” and predominantly present in W Himalaya). The pseudostems can range from all green to heavily striated showing the variation characteristic of widespread species. In S India the tortuose appendix occurs in more species with 2 having a single leaf (neglectum and sivadasanii) and 1 with 2 or more leaves (tortuosum). Both single leaved species are mostly confined to Maharashtra state but tortuosum occurs in more states. Sivadasanii is late flowering but still has a green inflorescence combined with a very short rachis whereas neglectum ranges from green to brown-beige flowered. Thanks a lot ... for a detailed note on this species.. thanks ... This is fruiting specimen of Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott This Arisaema was photographed in Kali Valley of Uttaraakhand (altitude 2000m approx.). Tentatively identified as A. tortuosum. Please suggest correct ID. Experts will finalise, yet I dare to say that your id is correct.. This Arisaema was shot from Siwalik foothills of Morni in Haryana... Please suggest the species name.. Looking similar to other upload suggested as A. tortuosum var. curvatum Yes correctly identified by ... This narrow leaved plants were considered as a variety of Arisaema totuosum (Wall.) Schott Now considered as a synonym of this species Arisaema sp. Pelling, Sikkim - May 2013 This is Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Please validate if this is A. tortuosum, the much extended and folded appendix pointing to this id.. This was again shot from Sikkim.. Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott This Arisaema sp. was shot inside Deodar forests of Jageshwar Uttarakhand and had unusually curved tail. Any shots of plant habit would be helpful for the identification Thanks for reminding the attachment of pics showing plant habit. Two pics are attached here. Attachments (2). It seems to be a variant of Arisaema tortuosum to me.. May be some natural hybrid..The basic sigmoidal curve of the appendix is still conform tortuosum. Although the spathe has an attractive purple blade and the end of the appendix has some contorted bends, it still falls within the variational pattern of tortuosum. The spadix appendix itself can be purple or green so that would not be unsual. For me the purple spathe is more unusual to see than the shape of the appendix as distinctly colored tortuosum are rare, usually there is some purple visible at the lower part of the spathe tube but not often the spathe blade is purple, a great find. I have a single image of this Arisaema..shot from Chakrata.. Posting for id please.. Very narrow leaflets suggest A. tortuosum var. curvatum This is Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott. this narrow leaved specimens were considered as a separate variety (var. curvatum) earlier This plant shows indeed the leaf shape of what used to be known as var. curvatum. Tortuosum with narrow, thicker leaflets can mostly be found at the Western part of its distribution range. More to the east the leaflets get wider and thinner with more pronounced veination (previously known as var. helleborifolium), most likely caused by environmental factors (more exposed and drier conditions versus moist and less exposed habitat). Because of the wide distribution, and therefore considerable variation with intermediate forms, both varieties based on these leaftypes currently are no longer recognized and all are synonymized under tortuosum. Chikamagalur-Kemmangudi Road 13th September 2014 Most probable identity is Arisaema tortuosum according to ... This one was in Kullu. Is it Arisaema tortuosum? Please advise. Thanks. Arisaema tortuosum, Whipcord Cobra Lily Above Gushaini, Kullu, 1700m 24 June 2015 does not this little elephant trunk like appendage rising pronounce it to be a tortuosum??? what other arisema in the region has this appendage? i don't know.It should be Areseama tortuosum. And this one is closer home. I photographed it yesterday on my phone. Please correct me if I am wrong in identifying it. Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum, Curved-hood Cobra Lily Above Mcleodganj, Dharamshala, HP 1800m 27 June 2015. It should also be Arseama tortuosum Thank you once again ... I am not sure if ... agreed with the var. curvatum bit. The stalk of this sample is not dotted with black spots but is plain light green. I think this is the same species. The fruit is here so I thought it good to confirm if it is indeed Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum. It’s fairly clear that it’s A. tortuosum (as confirmed by Krishan Lal ji) but is it the var. curvatum? 4 images. The narrow leaflets confirm it is the form previously named as (var.) curvatum but that form is no longer given a separate taxonomic status and is one of the many synonyms of the polymorphic Arisaema tortuosum. As a result his plant is just Arisaema tortuosum. For similar reasons (var.) helleborifolium is also just tortuosum. In the current treatment tortuosum has no varieties, forma's or subspecies, it is just very variable due to its wide distribution range. Thank you ... for taking the time to explain it. We have both varieties growing together here and the leaf shape, stalk colour and the fruit (growing on a stem and of a different colour) are all different. But now that you explain its polymorphism, it makes sense. Fwd: Arisaema jacquamontii : 8 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (1)- 4 MB. Pleased to share pics! Is it Arisaema dracontium? No! I think it may be Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott as per thread That is indeed Arisaema tortuosum. This is Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Location: Pilot Baba Ashram, Bhaktapur , Nepal Altitude: 5500 ft. Date: 26 September 2016 Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott (accepted name) ?? Difficult with only fruits. This is definitely Arisaema tortuosum - quite distinctive fruiting heads and foliage. May I recommend on future occasions you remove a few seeds from the reddish/orange pulp and photograph these close-up. They are also distinctive, quite large for the genus and mottled. The seeds can then be placed in the soil near to the plant - you will have acted as a bird or other creature who would have eaten the seed and as it passed through its digestive system this pulp which contain germination inhibiting chemicals is removed and as the animal excretes the seed (often dispersed some distance away) it may drop somewhere where a fresh plant can grow. Whilst the species is distinctive it exhibits considerable variation with a number of varieties recognised. 'Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal' says both var. tortuosum and var. curvatum are found - the former variety being widespread in the country from 1300-2900m. Collet in 'Flora Simlensis' separated Arisaema helliborifolium (Arisaema tortuosum var. helliborifolium) and Arisaema curvatum. He said that A.helliborifolium is the first to appear (the plants die down completely over winter) sometimes coming into flower before the monsoon. 'Flowers of the Himalaya' give a range of Kashmir to SW China in forests, shrubberies and on open slopes. It is often the tallest of Arisaemas at times exceeding 1.5m. 'Araceae' for Flora of Pakistan gives a distribution of temperate and subtropical Himalaya, Baluchistan, Western China & North Myanamar. Certainly a robust, prominent, large species found at the lowest levels of any Arisaema in the Himalaya. Arisaema sp for ID. Photo taken on the way to SIrkha (Uttarakhand) and on the way to Dharchula. Height around 6000 feet. Aug 2016. This has to be Arisaema tortuosum - the common robust species found at this elevation. SK455 26 MAR-2017:ID : 7 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2)- 2 Mb or more. Location: Balaju, raniban, Mudkhu, Nepal Date: 11 June 2016 Altitude: 4800 ft. Arisaema .... ??? I think yes. That is Arisaema tortuosum Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Nepali Names : सर्पको मकै Sarpako Makai / बाँको Baanko / बीरबाँको Beerabaanko This is Arisaema tortuosum Location: Balaju, raniban, Mudkhu, Nepal Date: 11 June 2016 Altitude: 4800 ft. efi page on Arisaema tortuosum var. neglectum (Schott) Fisch. with images. Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Location Kalimpong, West Bengal Sir I request you to kindly identify this It is called Gurbo in Nepali Pl. check https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/a---l/ar/araceae/sauromatum It is Arisaema, not Amorphophallus Please help me to identify Pl. check https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/a---l/ar/araceae/arisaema Pl. post at least 800 by 600 pixel images as per posting guidelines. Images are too small to see any details. However, I think two genera are involved: Hood of Arisaema & leaves & fruit of not Amorphophallus The second and third picture with the entire plant is Arisaema tortuosum. The first picture is strange and a bigger overview with the leaves on it is necessary to ID. There is a pseudostem and it has 2 leaves with quite long petioles so it is definitely not an Amorphophallus but it does not immediately remind me of a known Arisaema species from the area. Location: Lamahatta, Darjeeling, India Date: 22 May 2017 Altitude: 6800 ft. Pl. check with images at Arisaema tortuosum & Arisaema tortuosum var. neglectum Then what about ID of this plant?http://medplants.blogspot.com/search/label/Arisaema%20tortuosum Arisaema tortuosum as per images herein. Re: Arisaema from Kalimpong : 3 posts by 3 authors. 2 image. Kindly identify Arisaema tortuosum! Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (7) - around 600 kb each. Location : Lava, Kalimpong, India Date : 11 May 2018 Elevation : 6800 ft. Habit : Wild
Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum (Roxb.) Engler; Curved-Hood Cobra Lily;
Location: Chandragiri, Kathmandu, Nepal Altitude: 2243 m. Date: 27 May 2019 Habit : Wild Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (7)- around 900 kb each. Location: Chobhar, Kathmandu Date: 24 June 2019 Elevation: 1356 m. Habit : Wild Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott : 3 posts by 1 author. 3 images- 6 to 7 mb each. Location: Phulchoki, Lalitpur, Nepal Date: 20 June 2020 Altitude: 2202 m.Habitat : Wild Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott : 2 posts by 1 author. 2 images- 4 & 6 mb each. Location: Kathmandu Valley Date: October 2020 Elevation: 1500m. Habitat : Wild References: |
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