Ilex


Ilex aquifolium L. (Cultivated) (Images by Aarti S Khale (Id by Varun Sharma) (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))


Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton (Cultivated) (Images by Ramachandran (Id by Ushadi & Vijayasankar Raman) & Aarti S Khale (Id by Mahadeswara Swamy & Nick Macer) (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/1c18d2630c19d795/Seven%20thorn%20leaf_back.jpg?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGiwmUu816TIJR6xfZHGU-D6hiYyKvDMkUKqBQs7zl_O5qdhPIyRWFpfR4_SryvmmZVpI5G92IXhwygXjPMeq84puAKSXfEt8vzkOk63-dtXv8gnOc


Ilex dipyrena Wall. (Images by Nidhan Singh (Validated by Narain Singh Chauhan) & Anil Thakur (Inserted by J.M.Garg))

https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/bff079e5d896a664/Ilex%20dipyrena%20%20(1).JPG?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHYBeVXYiLEhPXgSfqwViT2vLg7HNv4jZdREbRZMgaCRwH2LEITwYReV4pRtyWsZKva1OeifHsgoRePuuv8gK0xIkReCxnH-SlTOv1rCJYBaIfRb0Q

Ilex sikkimensis Kurz (Images by Nick Macer (Id by M K Pathak) (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/42fa593291a26/Manipur433.JPG?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrERbgU0qQf89sBv8poFZn1kLJj3zVwoCkAaPEPnQYSGJuIbdF2Sl2U6unM2obwgK7IJnTdqfAAB0xaPzCODgtU2tDafTMjuNEVDfT7pNv9CXhSulHk

 

Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes. ? (Images by Sourav Mahmud (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e3341fb560645212/Kapty_April_2014_Photo_Sourav%20Mahmud%20(147).jpg?part=0.3&view=1&vt=ANaJVrE1fF0JxTtfGFUmqA_ExhnOw8AL7lDfRMp9O4Gxy6kU9953hBwIBqZY2ENLGC-4r5S_21U1qnLy3RVH5UnV_A8SWfLia_sQKboI2Wh4XOZU00XSy1s

As per Flora of India, Volume 5, Pp. 50 – 74 (2000) (D. Basu): 26 Species in India, 2 cultivated species

S. No.

Binomial Name

Habit

Distribution in India

Global distribution

1.        

Ilex crenata Thunb. var. thomsonii (Hk.f.) Loes.

Evergreen Shrub

Sikkim, Manipur, Meghalaya

Bhutan

2.        

Ilex denticulata Wallich ex Wight

Evergreen Tree

Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu

China, Sri Lanka

3.        

Ilex dipyrena Wallich

Evergreen Tree

Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh

Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, North China

4.        

Ilex embelioides Hook.f.

Tree

West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya

Bangladesh

5.        

Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Voigt

Evergreen Tree

Manipur

China, Myanmar

6.        

Ilex fragilis Hook.f.

Deciduous shrub or tree

West Bengal, Sikkim, Meghalaya

Bhutan, Myanmar, China

7.        

Ilex gardneriana Wight

Small tree or shrub

Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills, Sisparaghat)

NA

8.        

Ilex georgei Comber

Evergreen Tree

Manipur

China, Myanmar

9.        

Ilex godajam Colebr. ex Hook.f.

Evergreen Tree/shrub

West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya

Bangladesh, Indo-china, China

10.    

Ilex hookeri King

Evergreen Tree

Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling), Assam

China, Myanmar

11.    

Ilex insignis Hook.f.

Evergreen Tree

West Bengal (Darjeeling), Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim

NA

12.    

Ilex intricata Hook.f.

Evergreen Shrub

West Bengal, Sikkim

Myanmar, China and Eastern Nepal

13.    

Ilex khasiana Purkayastha

Evergreen Tree

Manipur, Meghalaya

NA

14.    

Ilex longicaudata Comber

Evergreen Tree

Nagaland

China

15.    

Ilex malabarica Beddome

Tree

Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu. Endemic

NA

16.    

Ilex nothofagifolia Kingdon-Ward

Evergreen Tree

Assam

China, Myanmar

17.    

Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don  

Evergreen Tree

Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya

Myanmar, Bangladesh

18.    

Ilex pseudo-odorata Loes.

Evergreen Tree

Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh

Nepal

19.    

Ilex sikkimensis Kurz

Evergreen Tree

Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur

Nepal, Bhutan, Southern Tibet, Western China

20.    

Ilex tadiandamolensis Kesh. Murthy, Yogan. & Vasud. Nair

Evergreen Tree

Karnataka

NA

21.    

Ilex triflora Blume

Evergreen shrub, small tree

Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh

Bangladesh, China, Indo-China, Java, Malaya, Indonesia

22.    

Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes.

Evergreen or deciduous Tree

Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Bangladesh, Myanmar, China

23.    

Ilex venulosa Hook.f.

Evergreen Tree

 

 

 

Ilex venulosa Hook.f. var. simplicifrons Hu

 

Assam

China

 

Ilex venulosa Hook.f. var. venulosa

 

Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh

Bangladesh

24.    

Ilex walkeri Wight & Gardner ex Thwaites

Small Tree

Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu

Sri Lanka

25.    

Ilex wattii Loes.

Tree

Manipur

China (Yunnan)

26.    

Ilex wightiana Wall. ex Wight

Tree

 

 

 

Ilex wightiana Wall. ex Wight var. peninsularis Hook.f.

 

Tamil Nadu, Kerala. Endemic

NA

 

Ilex wightiana Wall. ex Wight var. wightiana

 

Tamil Nadu, Kerala

Sri Lanka

 

CULTIVATED SPECIES

S. No.

Binomial Name

Habit

Native Distribution

1.        

Ilex aquifolium L.

Evergreen Shrub or tree

China, Europe, Western Asia

2.        

Ilex opaca Aiton

Tree

America


 
BinomialHabitNotesReferencesDistribution
Ilex aquifolium L.Shrub or small treeWestern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of EurasiaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul
Ilex denticulata Wall ex WightSmall tree or large shrubWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Evergreen Forests  Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Gamble, 1957; Matthew, 1983Coimbatore, Kanniyakumari, Madurai, Nilgiri, Salem
Ilex gardneriana WightSmall tree or large shrubWestern Ghats, Eergren ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Nilgiri
Ilex malabarica Bedd.Large treeWestern Ghats, Moist Deciduous to Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Dindigul, Nilgiri
Ilex opaca Ait.TreeWestern Ghats, Cultivated, Native of Temperate AmericaFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul
Ilex walkeri Wight & Gard. ex Thw.Small treeWestern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Dindigul, Nilgiri
Ilex wightiana Wall ex. WightLarge treeWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Evergreen ForestsFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983Coimbatore, Madurai, Namakkal,  Nilgiri, Salem, Tirunelveli
 
Botanical name Synonyms Family Common name
Ilex dipyrena Ilex dentonii Aquifoliaceae Himalayan Holly

 

From Biotik:

Ilex dipyrena Wall. in Roxb. (The Himalayas from the Indus eastwards to Bhutan)  
Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Hook. f. (The Himalayas, from Kashmir and eastward to Nepal & Bhutan)
 
Ilex dipyrena Wall. (Himalaya (Punjab to NEFA), N. Assam, N. Burma, W. China)
Ilex excelsa forma excelsa (Wall.) Hook. f. (Himalaya (Punjab to Bhutan), Khasia, ?Indo-China, W. China)
Ilex excelsa forma hypotricha (Loes.) H. Hara (E. Himalaya (Nepal, Bhutan), E. Bengal. W. China)
Ilex fragilis Hook. f. (Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Assam, S. Tibet, N. Burma, W. China)
Ilex godajam Colebr. ex Hook. f. (E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), Assam, N. Indo-China, W. & S. China)
Ilex insignis Hook. f. (E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), W. China)
Ilex intricata Hook. f. (E. Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), S. Tibet, N. Burma, W. China)
Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (Himalaya (Nepal), Assam, ?Burma)
Ilex pseudodorata Loes. (Himalaya (Mussoorie to Nepal))
Ilex sikkimensis Kurz (E. Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), S. Tibet, Assam, W. China) 
 
Ilex dipyrena Wallich in Roxburgh [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Nepal]. 
Ilex excelsa var. excelsa [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].
Ilex excelsa var. hypotricha (Loesener) S. Y. Hu [Bangladesh, Bhutan, N India, Nepal].
Ilex fragilis J. D. Hooker [Bhutan, India, N Myanmar, Nepal].
Ilex georgei H. F. Comber [NE India, N Myanmar].
Ilex godajam (Colebrooke) J. D. Hooker [Bhutan, NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, N Vietnam].
Ilex hookeri King [Bhutan, India, N Myanmar].  
Ilex intricata J. D. Hooker [Bhutan, India, N Myanmar, Nepal].
Ilex nothofagifolia Kingdon Ward [N India, N Myanmar]. 
Ilex perryana S. Y. Hu  [NE India, N Myanmar].
Ilex sikkimensis Kurz [Bhutan, N India, Myanmar, Nepal]. 
Ilex triflora var. triflora [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, N Vietnam].
Ilex umbellulata (Wallich) Loesener in Engler & Prantl [Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
Ilex venulosa var. venulosa [Bangladesh, Bhutan, NE India, N Myanmar].
 
Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993)- Details-
Ilex theifolia Hook.f. is a synonym of Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
 
Ilex japonica Thunb. is a synonym of Mahonia japonica (Thunb.) DC.
Ilex wightiana Wall.ex Wt.
 
An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India By K. M. Matthew (1995)- Details with keys-
Ilex wightiana Wall.ex Wt.

Ilex theifolia Hook.f. is a synonym of Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don .....

Ilex (‎Aquifoliaceae) : 2 posts by 1 author.

I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Ilex (Pl. click).

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

If someone can provide updated complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful.

Any comments/ corrections are welcome.
Please find the attached file, Attachments (1)- Ilex_in_India.doc
Thanks a lot, ... It's really helpful. I have incorporated it at Ilex

Ilex (‎‎Aquifoliaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.

Pl. go through ‎Ilex (‎‎Aquifoliaceae) page with images of species (done by me) in efloraofindia.

If you find any mis-identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, it will be really nice.

Also, if anybody is interested to take up the activity of inserting images on efloraofindia pages from efloraofindia posts, pl. let us know.