Hygrophila triflora

Hygrophila triflora (Roxb. ex Nees) Fosberg & Sachet in Baileya 21: 145. 1981. (Syn: Adenosma triflora Roxb. ex Nees in Wall.; Ruellia triflora Roxb.; Cardanthera triflora (Roxb. ex Nees) Buch.-Ham. ex Nees in DC.; Synnema triflorum (Roxb. ex Nees) Kuntze) as per BSI Flora of India Checklist;                                                

 
 

Images by Surajit Koley (Inserted by J.M.Garg)

 
 

Hygrophila difformis is known from India, Mayanmar, Bangladesh and Nepal. In India it is reported from Kerala, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal (Cook 1996). 
(From IUCN Red List (LC) - 2013)  
 
 
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/7056acf2af46b040/19dec12khnpr_DSCN9638.jpg?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHYRo_FmEjqR8hwBidG0i3dDDoTwW1yUpm-wS6m-y_xXycQUzvyHrdQYbhkonA3wcEVM4ulRiT_vIZqIWl45GKRCdqX5Fma6eO8bz5QYFH6BunhPak
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/7056acf2af46b040/19dec12khnpr_DSCN9642.jpg?part=0.4&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGZv9pQ5wVkIVjWBV_DHgjo14Ni7Xynzh3XHM1hjv_PvDJMzT64qRCT11G_kJ3IQjBuspNIO4CrDbS4A_aHTxrrsnecOoy2IZWu8tGwH-JtMePkC7g
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/7056acf2af46b040/19dec12khnpr_DSCN9639.jpg?part=0.3&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGpcIAKryR_i0fZSu_aHSMTegk7uO6gfgOnhVdowNVR-RTGxob06qmV82DOAOtTAqbXRiViRLQ0mvArtIqspGPZgGRIh7iyRO7mzEswMPeWBhyppWI
I think there is now reasonable evidence that the attached photos are of Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet. This plant was photographed on 19-Dec-2012 at another place in Hooghly.
It is very possible that my earlier uploads at and at are same species.
On checking the links provided by you it seems to me that the earlier uploads (species) reported by you are not the same compared to the present ones.
On checking the links provided by you it seems to me that the earlier uploads (species) reported by you are not the same compared to the present ones.
I also agree with you, the plant in this thread looks different than the earlier two posts. I try to explain :-
  • This plant (in this thread) is not aromatic, or if any must be faintly, there were not too many so that i could explore more
  • on the other hand the plant in the link (decussate herb from Hooghly) is aromatic
  • there was no way to check for aroma in the third post (underwater garden) at 
If we stress on the "Aroma" and other characters, as explained in my "decussate herb from Hooghly", the plant in that post is most likely Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet.
If you agree that the plant in this post is replica to the species at biolib.cz then this plant is Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet. But the fact that it is not (if yes, very mildly) aromatic goes against the description of "Bengal Plants".
My third species is without flowers, submerged in water and thereby it was simply a speculation, based on place, occurrence, habitat, and other morphological similarities.
However, all the three species (or is it one?) are adapted to aquatic habitat, have variable leaves (according to habitat), decussate and hairy; the two of them have similar flowers. The aroma is a point, but i have seen variation in smell in Telosma pallida.
please move all my threads under
Hygrophila difformis (L. f.) Blume to Hygrophila triflora (Roxb. ex Nees) Fosberg & Sachet
BSI will tell you that H. difformis (L.f.) blume is restricted to E Himalaya.
 
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8538.jpg?part=0.6&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGMPfuL6CeQlK_BsBipimYZBbVCLHKVI8Jx6BudRhezpA6M14aSV67zGyisssWusD1Bqy2teTp3y8c2ie29h4JUSk23t1b5M1qx8CXu5WL8oChacPw
 
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8493.jpg?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrH1aF3wIqO3_bzM7AUPCfn7d_1vyV9y4XGMo3dwbwXTS4JtM7QDtKIk3rTXezi9UMPpMD3D2S9Y_2ZlGDG6TufkvU8qfHp9zdK7VqkuOBKBpixBNUA
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8491.jpg?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrE5cFGVJ6sR0zXfNppbECSl7zUAWLQvbcUxnPxJYGPvZ7FFKhkdG_tX_dIlkbtbC3Joa20PHfLiun3eV0m-pDrGvqyZ84a0HN43xWZ7hQ04qE0AX4g
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8526.jpg?part=0.4&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFJwupYv4shNA25nkRvNAXP8NOlu9DHNiAWUpRMkICEx9fke-40ULSHDeYM4kFb5qAoE-aDkRUcOI8WzO-2gjE_jElcj46emgsLVq_fXlqLi_KSStw
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8536.jpg?part=0.5&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFdTcwo0oQj15P8eCgXySD-eboNjYyTTaThqBiwdgRwAjtN1bDsFIxujPVbhAAu1Y9FGtP-gPjrsYNITTcLCRyAqq02nQQ_1I6xzIt725O8P3qXB7E
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8555.jpg?part=0.8&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGqzswfzMfHSZdN6Xu7Rp34kwLCWPFPaEss6-VW7dH51k8cPj4NSakug5ExhVFNm3OrCUBvUDc4murVT4nCS1r5GN__BdFOSHLBnQnUIsKJ7TXmYYM
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/e1cade7b70a7e4cc/DSCN8541.jpg?part=0.7&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHTrO4KxSTWrOHZQOTBXmEkXzyzkfLwqudCBWWK_fHB0fm3o7C38CGAhe1cvPRgGc8SDad3-_DWk4AzveVXjqU5cD7r9x7lz-QuS9Ia52DTEcP7Tqs
decussate herb from Hooghly 2-12-12 sk: This seems to be the same plant as in my earlier upload at.
But these pictures are recorded in unused fields very near the very ditch where i recorded the pictures in the above link.
  1. One similar photo is at - http://www.flickr.com/photos/eyeweed/4839920343/, but the ID might not be correct
  2. page 798 of Bengal Plants vol2 
  3. page 799 
Two species at The Plant List :-
H & H : small herb, erect, sometimes decumbent; avg. 1 ft high
Date : 02/12/12, 11.50 a.m.
Place : Hooghly
There is a post by ... at - https://groups.google.com/d/topic/indiantreepix/AhqdiDuFeP8/discussion. Suggested id(s) are 1) Hygrophila heinei, 2) Species of Justicia
Some links (for the above post) : -
This plant is -
  • decumbent
  • aromatic
  • viscid
  • leaves opposite. the upper toothed
  • lower (leaves) often pinnatifid
  • if submerged pectinate (leaves)
  • rooting at base
  • adapted to aquatic habitation
According to The Plant List, Ruellia triflora Roxb. might be the Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet.
Attaching more pictures, recorded yesterday.
This plant is Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet, i think.
The day before yesterday i downloaded Flora Indica and found this plant may not be Ruellia triflora Roxb. copying a few points from F. I. iii. 52. -
R. triflora R.
  • flowers axillary, three-fold, one a common short peduncle, pretty large....
  • bracts oblong, hairy
please move all my threads under
Hygrophila difformis (L. f.) Blume to Hygrophila triflora (Roxb. ex Nees) Fosberg & Sachet
BSI will tell you that H. difformis (L.f.) blume is restricted to E Himalaya.

Your Hygrophila triflora: This link may be of some help in sorting out your Hygrophila triflora:
(... 1981), we proposed the new combination Hygrophila triflora (Roxburgh) Fosberg & Sachet, based on Rue Ilia triflora Roxburgh, Hort. Beng. 46, 1814. We did this in spite of Heine's having placed this basionym in synonymy under Hygrophila ...)
(H. difformis is a beautiful plant from India, Burma, Thailand, and the Malay Peninsula. It was first described by Linnaeus himself in 1781 as Rueliia difformis. It's also been called Rueliia triflora, Synnema triflorum, and Hygrophila triflora ...) 
 
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7773.jpg?part=0.3&view=1&vt=ANaJVrEwAiEKtofg509T1NMY8d0n0AOiyrwj0-0Fp24EFbQdkED9qScnlUlisHunEr5TrRHolgN4Otbb7N14BCTfe_-DlNL5aBg2CYhAxxJdzBoxv5Gq7hA
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7775.jpg?part=0.5&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGxu4k-rsLVFW3xEQsG9dnrNoBaFuIqrMWUx3jWahTKcAoX4y3Pg1oQCaVfn7AWHjforzh_66SATl1GLjvxVg80gF5LCTwaJpvv94MYmeEP2r-lJ5Q
 
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7777.jpg?part=0.7&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHHNUN55LN-oETSew8YoN_ADUaS4uIFdPdkkF8mhoc8S2XMEXT6P4DerK6NpZLRz7DY85l8rTKSJIISvMaJ24aPJqdKoHkL6faT3bqph2ZQXg9m3Gg
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7776.jpg?part=0.6&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFohGiQWXUhHp6GzQ4Dft-pysTqAWDw1xurvTgmLnA6gRamoM7kvDY2PiPNbOI4yEqkKGN51BGwC0FRYvj5hYQ2-IipI5kqJBAXcrQX9bEhDpLIkhQ
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7774.jpg?part=0.4&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFs8iRaHSQS8nc7SOZ8vrFEMuI_iQBQIS-_7Qx-jSewg00aFhri0wFb_zo7b4XsTmfc6slzdPCYU2xw76MJT4Apinu0WnsOOYdE02JhY12zVy2PAJw
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7772.jpg?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGvc-IR4Ez04hv_MFuafVHm4RtDABtA5bKoLxKuWEKCOrbX1-RyQ2FIH2bgkQEpxAen8FGi7GQD9B6Jb77E7qoQVgfD7YpgByk4ifWmrGrfmemsLCo
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/d924de8ade58c5f9/DSCN7767.jpg?part=0.1&view=1&google_abuse=GOOGLE_ABUSE_EXEMPTION%3DID%3D8938b728ed0e74ae:TM%3D1533192596:C%3Dr:IP%3D103.24.84.123-:S%3DAPGng0u228QhhkRlfNFL82b7gWXxC_ol6Q;+path%3D/;+domain%3Dgoogle.com;+expires%3DThu,+02-Aug-2018+09:49:56+GMT&vt=ANaJVrHnCCrYqTNiS0lAXg9IwQjTJuLJN6FIKkp6C_PBag9RIMWqzpvPNItmW00uCPmP7ua6d4Lkvxn5dsaTptdbAavbQx4FcyXE4BJob_fbQKd2WUJc5uU
underwater garden from Hooghly 24-11-12 sk1: A beautiful underwater garden in a roadside ditch hosts this herb
Species : UNKNOWN
H & H : aquatic herb, maybe 2 feet high
Date : 22/11/12, 11.58 a.m.
Place : Hooghly
Found something similar :-
  1. http://163.20.63.1/~pool/newfile_11.html
  2. http://tropicalfishandaquariums.com/Plants/WisteriaPhoto.asp
  3. http://www.aquaplant.info/gallery/plantas_acuario/Hygrophila+difformis+L.JPG.html
Please ignore my earlier comment, this species can be anything, including Rotala & Hygrophila.
I imagine if this is some Limnophila sp.
I think this is Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet, as in another post at - https://groups.google.com/d/topic/indiantreepix/3SpzN6z4Meg/discussion.
For the very same reason as in
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8896.jpg?part=0.5&view=1&vt=ANaJVrEFCb967E1vf4SIV9gR7SKbLPG7g-XAoe8IVkcN9vjUYEKd9-np1LeghatqdUCy1WWIEsNMDaQIPD6tZ51d2FGBpx3bLUroxMHFqup3KL4cMhLWrGg
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8900.jpg?part=0.6&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHWzDGB1n8lO4iOal_nYa2hJt2fEYzh8kb0c_skPmIAJiyovsqh6zV9oVvbNfOrOhyTFRRxTuy6HcjpDS5Jv2Cg6UdHqxkjpvJ4x7VD7v9qclzVbQI
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8903.jpg?part=0.7&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGnW_1RxHEMw8_Zj_BUbDg0EuBrtD0ZTp-W7pzbA1Ah_sWNp--9GIYYkfHLj8N8Xga0F_k-pGhd4ROzfUNsACiwLKnAvAXkUFlRhmTaoxQy5Je-n6s
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8905.jpg?part=0.8&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGyqSpFEsHdB1oUOLC3snQq5KvKko5kwAvDml-cEqkjiPSwqKyH0OKUhr4hzLu3UVH74lVnMvQxDsvnwwDjhcpN2-0s_N94ZxtKI5nC3nGuh1h2878
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8909.jpg?part=0.9&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHzgS5hqK-GgA2Co6U70iSXGmZisRWWzHozAIBlH0gfaHT2z27ZHcmuRJKszhowdM8HKYOAWJy9QTRpuu34vLL98r03prLRQOa1gbgDZGzRa8hGAF0
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8914.jpg?part=0.10&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHvhEu_rUNahDu6jWr7quIqEdH-xTA-I34VARREpkucZxbXtSQbIxxUG-O1AgJRwRmBYAeRTAq0yKfzEnEg_CSTUL-pnm74rsNrBDNiKaTI-63FwuI
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8917.jpg?part=0.11&view=1&vt=ANaJVrF2qXAHEdEPgtgcx5-zFJSNwwQEX62aUmZcis8aQ2Uv_OPSixahP0jLtQ_UC1vclzP9bClfzcUEe8O6-qcWrwxiRbPT5f3omXL-wOo60PUuIrakXR0
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8918.jpg?part=0.12&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGa0sHBmxU19DudMkdiAFFPoTFr05MqY4Fimj0L-fiPfBmz5QGiICmGPIl1YRXP3orz6KiStsiEmBX9RWXNFSIbHz59il20CCUaSyBxXeklc0WE-cE
 
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https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8889.jpg?part=0.4&view=1&vt=ANaJVrHP3DbMJ6OrOKhe51d8cApfU31_2Y13xtQzlmdFtYAUKcGsim3qSCMY8icYNDHQG4ea-aBglToFLWs1CbpN6uw06swyH-bOkGeUuyPx42J0dqV_BN8
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8875.jpg?part=0.3&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFHXu9CC66yt-qy1X8uJNxrDhUEsH9z7B3S6ak0A8W4vpv-IrqmdyWy61B9UmXi12IMSZ989ajepf-deGNSWoLlRQcWhPdZjSqd4oTKJZejaDmkeYU
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8864.jpg?part=0.2&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFznjb6kPJuLxcxQlzj7-l40M-Uu6w1Em_OoKiu80-zREaEbHczMn9meyMyV3gy3tcNe9G1h6DvG_veRZsKJxr9yz66YlYjITHDcWzxip05lwxny9Q
https://08511630493324166816.googlegroups.com/attach/411273bfd410a311/05dec12_DSCN8859.jpg?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrGKv76MECAhozdthbOHNMgKU5kkAhtw7Bhe_yz0Qyi2TiSVeS5Od4IXFXZpvpiufLgzXBbl_AqBt9sSzMARAZTYI6c7SBwsI0bmywbxvP_EggVoCCw
 efi thread
 this plant also may not be Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet.
KEW herbarium will tell you this is also Hygrophila triflora (Roxb. ex Nees) Fosberg & sachet.
  
 
 
 
 
References:
Aquatic and Semi-aquatic Plants of the Lower Ganga Delta: Its Taxonomy ... By K.R. Naskar (Hygrophila difformis (L.f.) Sreem. & Bennet syn. Ruellia difformis L. f., Cardanthera triflora Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. & Hook.)
The Plant List  GRIN (Hygrophila difformis (L. f.) Blume (Ruellia difformis L. f. (basionym))  Hortipedia  (Hygrophila triflora)
IUCN Red List (LC) (Hygrophila difformis Blume)
Excerpta Botanica. Sectio A: Taxonomica Et Chorologia, Volume 48 (1989- Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet)
Baileya, Volumes 22-23 (1982- Hygrophila triflora (Roxb.) Fosberg & Sachet) Wikipedia (Hygrophila difformis Blume)
 
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