Telecommunication Engineering: EEE 441

Course outline and Reference texts: Download PDF

Overview of term final syllabus:

Telephone apparatus, circuits and networks, switching system, traffic analysis, digital transmission, channel coding.

Modern telephone services and networks, SONET/SDH, multiple access techniques, mobile cellular telephony, satellite communications.

For complete syllabus description, students are advised to check the syllabus of the class tests. They should also refer to their class notes.

Study Materials:

Simple telephone circuits: Download PDF

Students can study the entire document for clear understanding. The yellow highlighted sections contains the topics covered in class. The green highlighted sections also contain useful information.

Traffic distribution in a trunk group: Download PDF

The material covers analysis method of calculating what percentage of total traffic in a trunk group is carried out by a subset of that trunk group (under simplified approximations).

Traffic Tables: Download PDF

The Earlang traffic table (or Earlang B table) relates offered traffic, number of channels/circuits and blocking probability. The table is necessary for solving math problems.

Cyclic Codes: Download PDF

The material covers the coding procedure of simple cyclic codes using generator polynomial. The error detection and correction based on syndrome decoding is also covered here.

Satellite Link Design: Download PDF

The material covers the various aspects of satellite link design.

Satellite Link Design Math Problems: Download PDF

An example math problem related to satellite link design is covered here.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP): Download PDF

Basic concepts of VoIP are explained here.

Self Study:

1. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

2. Internet telephony and Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)

3. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

4. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

5. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

Students should be able to write short notes on these topics. For reference, students can check Bellamy's book.

Class Test 1:

Date: 28th May, 2012. (Monday)

Time: 8:00 am

Location: Room No.: 237, ECE building

Duration: 22 minutes

Full marks: 20

Syllabus:

Basic Concepts: Analog and digital signals, signal bandwidth, transmission bandwidth, noise, interference, distortion, sampling, PAM, PCM, bit rate and bandwidth calculations, TDM, FDM.

Network Topology and Telephone networks: Tree, mesh, star, bus and ring topology, switching levels, end-office, trunk office, trunk lines, simple telephone network hierarchy.

Telephone circuits: Simplex and half-duplex simple telephone circuits, "sidetone" phenomenon, two-wire to four-wire conversion, "singing" phenomenon.

Traffic Analysis: Traffic characterization, traffic measurement, average arrival rate, holding time, traffic intensity, offered traffic, call arrival distributions, negative exponential and Poisson arrival distribution, holding time distribution, loss system, lost calls cleared system, Earlang's formula and blocking probabilities, traffic tables, circuits required in a network for a specific blocking rate, network blocking analysis. [Ref.: Bellamy, "Digital Telephony", Chapter 12. Additional Ref.: Flood, "Telecommunications Switching, Traffic and Networks", Chapter 4.]

Any other topics covered in class are also included in the syllabus.

Question of Class Test 1: Download PDF

Solution of Class Test 1: Download PDF

Marks of Class Test 1: Download PDF

Class Test 2:

Date: 12th June, 2012. (Tuesday)

Time: 12:00 pm

Location: Second floor ECE building

Duration: 25 minutes

Full marks: 20

Syllabus:

Loss System Traffic Analysis: Traffic table, Offered traffic, carried traffic, overflow traffic, blocking probabilities, Lost calls returning system, Lost calls held system, Lost calls cleared-finite source, Network blocking probability and end-to-end blocking probability of lost call system.

Queuing System Traffic Analysis: Queuing system, infinite queue, Erlang's second distribution, finite queue, probability of delay, probability of call lost.

Switching Systems: Local switching, transit switching, space division switching, switching matrices (rectangular, square and triangular/folded), graded switching matrices, multiple stage switching, three stage switching, strictly non-blocking condition for three stage switching, optimum three stage switch, blocking probability and Lee graphs.

Any other topic covered in class is also included in the syllabus.

Question of Class Test 2: Download PDF

Solution of Class Test 2: Download PDF

Marks of Class Test 2: Download PDF

Class Test 3:

Date: 30th September, 2012. (Sunday)

Time: 10:00 am

Location: Room No.: 237, ECE building

Duration: 25 minutes

Full marks: 20

Syllabus:

Time Division Switching (TDM): Analog TDM, digital TDM, T1 system, E1 system, memory access speed and limitations on number of channels that can be switched, digital memory switch.

Two dimensional switching: Time-space switching, memory of control data in space stage, implementation complexity.

Space-Time-Space (STS) switching: Concepts, implementation complexity, memory and cross-points requirement.

Time-Space-Time (TST) switching: Concepts, implementation complexity, memory and cross-points requirement.

Time-Space-Space-Time (TSST) switching: Concepts, implementation complexity, memory and cross-points requirement.

Digital transmission: Synchronous and asynchronous transmission, line coding, voice digitization, bit error rate (BER), BER flooring, burst errors,

Channel coding: Parity bits, linear block codes, cyclic codes: generator polynomial, code generation, syndrome detection.

Mobile-Cellular communication: Fundamental concepts of cellular communications, concepts of cell and cluster, hexagonal cells, frequency reuse techniques, frequency reuse factor, determination of nearest co-channel neighbor, co-channel interference and carrier to co-channel interference ratio (CCIR), worst case CCIR, cell-splitting and cell sectoring.

Any other topics covered in class (excluding multiple access techniques) will also be included in the syllabus.

Question of Class Test 3: Download PDF

Solution of Class Test 3: Download PDF

Marks of Class Test 3: Download PDF

Class Test 4:

Date: 13th October, 2012. (Saturday)

Time: 10:00 am

Location: Room No.: 237, ECE building

Duration: 25 minutes

Full marks: 20

Syllabus:

Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, Direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA (DS-CDMA), frequency hoping CDMA (FH-CDMA), PN (Pseudo-random noise) codes, interference calculation for DS-CDMA system, relative advantages and disadvantages of FDMA, TDMA and CDMA, spectral efficiency calculation for different multiple access techniques, voice activity factor, chip rate and hoping rate, bandwidth calculations of DS-CDMA and FH-CDMA, transmitter and receiver of DS-CDMA system, frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) etc.

Optical Fiber: SONET/SDH: Basic concepts, functional block diagram of SONET multiplexing, STS-1 frame format, STS-1 overhead rate and frame rate calculations, frequency justification etc.

Satellite communications: Antenna gain, effective aperture, aperture efficiency, Friis power transmission formula, familiarization with dB, dBW and dBm units and unit conversion, path loss, effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) etc.

Any other topics covered in class will also be included in the syllabus.

Question of Class Test 4: Download PDF

Solution of Class Test 4: Download PDF

Marks of Class Test 4: Download PDF